Effects of Seeding Rate on Main Agronomic Traits and Yield of Rice Under Mechanized Hole-direct-seeding Cultivation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0741

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore effects of seeding rate on main agronomic traits and yield of rice under mechanized hole-direct-seeding cultivation, ‘Nanjing 5718’, a high-quality rice variety, was used as the material for the experiment in 2021. There were 6 seeding rates, 60.0, 75.0, 90.0, 105.0, 120.0, and 135.0 kg/hm², respectively, and the main agronomic traits, yield and yield components of rice population were analyzed. The results showed that the effective panicle number first increased and then decreased with the increase of the seeding rate, and reached the highest level in the 105.0 kg/hm² treatment. Grain number per spike showed good performance at 105.0 kg/hm² and 120.0 kg/hm² treatment levels. The seed setting rate decreased with the increase of the seeding rate, and the highest seed setting rate was 9.7 percentage points higher than the lowest seed setting rate. The change of 1000-grain weight was not significant. The theoretical yield was consistent with the trend of effective panicle performance, and the yield in 105.0 kg/hm²treatment was the highest, reaching 12105.3 kg/hm². Biomass per stem, panicle weight per stem, total biomass and total panicle weight all increased first and then decreased, and reached the highest level in 105.0 kg/hm² treatment, which was conducive to the accumulation and transformation of nutrients. However, plant height and basal internodes were relatively high at 105.0 kg/hm² treatment level, and special attention should be paid to prevent lodging. In a word, when the seeding rate of ‘Nanjing 5718’ under mechanized hole-direct-seeding cultivation is 105.0 kg/hm², the comprehensive trait is excellent and the yield is high. The practice is worth popularizing.

Key words: rice, mechanized hole-direct-seeding, ‘Nanjing 5718’, yield, agronomic trait

WEN Kai, YANG Wuguang, WANG Jun, QIU Jingtao. Effects of Seeding Rate on Main Agronomic Traits and Yield of Rice Under Mechanized Hole-direct-seeding Cultivation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(24): 1-5.

Figures/Tables 5

References 25

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处理	有效穗/（万/hm²）	穗粒数/（粒/穗）	结实率/%	千粒重/g	理论产量/(kg/hm²)
D₁	273.8 c	131.0 abc	90.0 a	29.45 a	9508.6 cd
D₂	292.5 c	128.0 bc	84.2 b	29.03 ab	9148.3 d
D₃	322.5 b	123.6 c	84.7 b	28.85 ab	9735.7 c
D₄	360.0 a	141.2 a	81.5 bc	29.22 ab	12105.3 a
D₅	336.0 ab	141.3 a	81.6 bc	29.20 ab	11305.7 b
D₆	318.0 b	135.0 ab	80.3 c	28.71 b	9892.4 c

处理	有效穗/（万/hm²）	穗粒数/（粒/穗）	结实率/%	千粒重/g	理论产量/(kg/hm²)
D₁	273.8 c	131.0 abc	90.0 a	29.45 a	9508.6 cd
D₂	292.5 c	128.0 bc	84.2 b	29.03 ab	9148.3 d
D₃	322.5 b	123.6 c	84.7 b	28.85 ab	9735.7 c
D₄	360.0 a	141.2 a	81.5 bc	29.22 ab	12105.3 a
D₅	336.0 ab	141.3 a	81.6 bc	29.20 ab	11305.7 b
D₆	318.0 b	135.0 ab	80.3 c	28.71 b	9892.4 c

处理	单茎生物量/g	单茎穗重/g	生物量/（×10⁴g/hm²）	穗重/（×10⁴g/hm²）	收获指数
D₁	5.6 d	3.1 d	1517.2 f	833.0 d	0.55 a
D₂	5.4 d	3.0 d	1653.4 e	916.8 d	0.55 a
D₃	6.2 c	3.5 bc	1960.1 d	1108.3 c	0.57 a
D₄	7.2 a	4.0 a	2623.3 a	1463.5 a	0.56 a
D₅	6.8 b	3.7 ab	2304.7 b	1259.9 b	0.55 a
D₆	6.6 b	3.3 cd	2140.5 c	1067.8 c	0.50 b

处理	单茎生物量/g	单茎穗重/g	生物量/（×10⁴g/hm²）	穗重/（×10⁴g/hm²）	收获指数
D₁	5.6 d	3.1 d	1517.2 f	833.0 d	0.55 a
D₂	5.4 d	3.0 d	1653.4 e	916.8 d	0.55 a
D₃	6.2 c	3.5 bc	1960.1 d	1108.3 c	0.57 a
D₄	7.2 a	4.0 a	2623.3 a	1463.5 a	0.56 a
D₅	6.8 b	3.7 ab	2304.7 b	1259.9 b	0.55 a
D₆	6.6 b	3.3 cd	2140.5 c	1067.8 c	0.50 b

处理	基本苗/（万/hm²）	高峰苗/（万/hm²）	有效穗/（万/hm²）	成穗率/%
D₁	108.0 d	381.0 c	273.8 c	71.9 a
D₂	148.5 cd	423.0 c	292.5 c	69.1 a
D₃	166.5 c	477.0 b	322.5 b	67.6 ab
D₄	214.5 b	520.5 ab	360.0 a	69.2 a
D₅	247.5 b	528.0 a	336.0 ab	63.6 ab
D₆	307.5 a	541.5 a	318.0 b	58.7 b