Impacts of High Temperature on Spring Maize Growth in Hexi Area

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0080

Abstract

Abstract:

According to the variation characteristics of the accumulated temperature above 30℃ (AT) and the accumulated days with the highest daily temperature above 30℃ (AD) in different growing stages of spring maize in Hexi area, the climate trend rate, Mann-Kendall detection and Pearson correlation analysis were adopted, and the effect of extreme high temperature on the growth of spring maize in Hexi area under the background of climate warming was analyzed. The results showed that the temperature increased significantly during the spring maize growth period in Hexi area from 1952 to 2021, and the maximum temperature in the second growth stage (20 days before flowering and after flowering) was significantly higher than that in other growth stages. The climatic trend rate of the maximum daily temperature in the whole growth period of spring maize, the first growth stage (from sowing to 11 days before flowering), the second growth stage and the third growth stage (from 11 days after flowering to maturity) was 0.17, 0.19, 0.19 and 0.10℃/10 years, respectively. In the past 70 years, the AT and AD in the whole spring maize growth period increased obviously, and the increase trend of AT and AD in the first growth stage were significantly greater than those in the second and third growth stage in Hexi area. The extreme high temperature had negative impact on the ear and stalk of spring maize during the spring maize growth period in Hexi area, but it had a very significantly positive effect on spring maize yield (P<0.01), and the extreme high temperature in the first growth stage had a more significant impact on spring maize yield than that in the other two stages. Spring maize varieties in Hexi area had certain resistance to long-term high temperature at the second growth stage. In addition, rain and heat often came at the same time in Hexi area and most spring maize planting areas were irrigated agricultural land, and rainfall and irrigation could reduce the evaporation of soil moisture and the plant canopy temperature increase caused by extreme high temperature, thus alleviating the adverse effects of high temperature on the growth of spring maize.

Key words: Hexi area, extreme high temperature, spring maize, growth stage, changing characteristics

YANG Hua, JIANG Jufang, DING Wenkui, CHENG Qian, ZHANG Jindan, XU Yufeng. Impacts of High Temperature on Spring Maize Growth in Hexi Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(3): 1-10.

Figures/Tables 9

References 28

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发育期	日期	气候趋向率	距平/(d/10a)	相关系数R
播种	4/16	y=0.4571x+95.937	4.6	0.602^**
开花	7/28	y=-0.1491x+211.77	-1.5	-0.386^*
成熟	9/24	y=0.0747x+265.67	0.7	0.159
全生育期	162d	y=-0.3824x+169.74	-3.8	-0.479^**
第一生长阶段	92d	y=-0.6063x+104.83	-6.1	-0.683^**
第二生长阶段	21d	-	-	-
第三生长阶段	48d	y=0.2239x+43.119	2.2	0.542^**

发育期	日期	气候趋向率	距平/(d/10a)	相关系数R
播种	4/16	y=0.4571x+95.937	4.6	0.602^**
开花	7/28	y=-0.1491x+211.77	-1.5	-0.386^*
成熟	9/24	y=0.0747x+265.67	0.7	0.159
全生育期	162d	y=-0.3824x+169.74	-3.8	-0.479^**
第一生长阶段	92d	y=-0.6063x+104.83	-6.1	-0.683^**
第二生长阶段	21d	-	-	-
第三生长阶段	48d	y=0.2239x+43.119	2.2	0.542^**

站点	产量因素	全生育期		第一生长阶段		第二生长阶段		第三生长阶段
站点	产量因素	AT	AD	AT	AD	AT	AD	AT	AD
典型站点	果穗长	-0.427^*	-0.398^*	-0.420*	-0.365	-0.205	-0.165	-0.253	-0.255
	秃尖长	-0.073	-0.076	-0.150	-0.250	-0.127	0.117	0.261	0.088
	茎秆重	-0.170	-0.225	-0.144	-0.187	-0.094	-0.084	-0.177	-0.235
	百粒重	0.180	0.199	0.222	0.287	0.125	0.094	-0.022	-0.062
	单产	0.399^**	0.387^*	0.465^**	0.474^**	0.234	0.193	0.099	0.039
凉州	单产	0.474^**	0.517^**	0.438^**	0.582^**	0.329^*	0.263	0.276	0.154
武威	单产	0.412^**	0.485^**	0.435^**	0.562^**	0.215	0.185	0.259	0.171

站点	产量因素	全生育期		第一生长阶段		第二生长阶段		第三生长阶段
站点	产量因素	AT	AD	AT	AD	AT	AD	AT	AD
典型站点	果穗长	-0.427^*	-0.398^*	-0.420*	-0.365	-0.205	-0.165	-0.253	-0.255
	秃尖长	-0.073	-0.076	-0.150	-0.250	-0.127	0.117	0.261	0.088
	茎秆重	-0.170	-0.225	-0.144	-0.187	-0.094	-0.084	-0.177	-0.235
	百粒重	0.180	0.199	0.222	0.287	0.125	0.094	-0.022	-0.062
	单产	0.399^**	0.387^*	0.465^**	0.474^**	0.234	0.193	0.099	0.039
凉州	单产	0.474^**	0.517^**	0.438^**	0.582^**	0.329^*	0.263	0.276	0.154
武威	单产	0.412^**	0.485^**	0.435^**	0.562^**	0.215	0.185	0.259	0.171