Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Spring Maize: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Double Removal and Reduction under Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0838

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus double removal and reduction on yield, dry matter accumulation and translocation of spring maize under shallow buried drip irrigation, the four treatments of N₂P₂ nitrogen and phosphorus constant, N₂P₂ nitrogen fertilizer 30% reduction, N₂P₂ phosphorus fertilizer 30% reduction and N₂P₂ nitrogen and phosphorus both 30% reduction were set up to determine the SPAD value, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and yield of spring maize using conventional fertilization as the control. The results showed that compared with CK, yield of N₂P₂ increased by 4.71% and 3.84% in 2019 and 2020, and the leaf SPAD value, leaf area index increased, dry matter accumulation and translocation contribution to kernel and yield all increased significantly. Under the nitrogen and phosphorus double removal, constant fertilizer application increased the dry matter accumulation and improved the dry matter transport to grain; the dry matter accumulation, translocation contribution to seed grain and yield all decreased under 30% reduction of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer; the yields of 2019 and 2020 respectively decreased by 3.22% and 3.84% under 30% reduction of phosphorus fertilizer at the N₁ level, and the yields of 2019 and 2020 respectively decreased by 8.23% and 16.35% under 30% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer at the P₁ level.

Key words: shallow buried drip irrigation, corn, nitrogen and phosphorus double shift reduction, material accumulation and translocation, yield, dry matter accumulation, translocation

WANG Zhenzhen, ZHANG Yuqin, YANG Hengshan, ZHANG Ruifu, JIN Yu, WANG Shuxuan, LU Minyuan. Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Spring Maize: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Double Removal and Reduction under Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(27): 7-13.

Figures/Tables 6

References 34

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处理	施肥量/(kg/hm²)	施肥方式
CK	N：240、P₂O₅：90	氮肥小口期一次性追施，磷肥5~6 cm一次性底施
N₂P₂	N：240、P₂O₅：90	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施
N₁P₂	N：165、P₂O₅：90	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施
N₂P₁	N：240、P₂O₅：60	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施
N₁P₁	N：165、P₂O₅：60	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施

处理	施肥量/(kg/hm²)	施肥方式
CK	N：240、P₂O₅：90	氮肥小口期一次性追施，磷肥5~6 cm一次性底施
N₂P₂	N：240、P₂O₅：90	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施
N₁P₂	N：165、P₂O₅：90	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施
N₂P₁	N：240、P₂O₅：60	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施
N₁P₁	N：165、P₂O₅：60	氮肥拔节期、大喇叭口期、吐丝期按3:6:1比例追施，磷肥10~12 cm一次性底施

年份	处理	穗位上	穗位	穗位下	穗位上	穗位	穗位下
2019	N₁P₁	52.73e	55.83d	53.35e	51.87e	53.21e	51.54d
	N₁P₂	55.83d	58.90c	57.40d	54.90d	56.13d	54.27c
	N₂P₁	58.77b	61.93b	59.50b	57.78b	58.89c	55.41b
	N₂P₂	60.67a	64.80a	61.47a	59.63a	62.03a	57.73a
	CK	58.47c	61.87b	59.20c	56.37c	59.30b	55.44b
2020	N₁P₁	51.70d	55.10e	53.93d	48.07d	52.20d	47.23d
	N₁P₂	54.63c	58.43d	57.90c	51.57c	55.07c	50.53c
	N₂P₁	55.93b	61.13c	60.97b	55.67b	59.83b	54.63b
	N₂P₂	57.40a	63.70a	62.80a	58.23a	61.94a	56.37a
	CK	55.87b	61.33b	60.90b	55.63b	59.80b	54.60b

年份	处理	穗位上	穗位	穗位下	穗位上	穗位	穗位下
2019	N₁P₁	52.73e	55.83d	53.35e	51.87e	53.21e	51.54d
	N₁P₂	55.83d	58.90c	57.40d	54.90d	56.13d	54.27c
	N₂P₁	58.77b	61.93b	59.50b	57.78b	58.89c	55.41b
	N₂P₂	60.67a	64.80a	61.47a	59.63a	62.03a	57.73a
	CK	58.47c	61.87b	59.20c	56.37c	59.30b	55.44b
2020	N₁P₁	51.70d	55.10e	53.93d	48.07d	52.20d	47.23d
	N₁P₂	54.63c	58.43d	57.90c	51.57c	55.07c	50.53c
	N₂P₁	55.93b	61.13c	60.97b	55.67b	59.83b	54.63b
	N₂P₂	57.40a	63.70a	62.80a	58.23a	61.94a	56.37a
	CK	55.87b	61.33b	60.90b	55.63b	59.80b	54.60b

年份	处理	吐丝期/(kg/hm²)			完熟期/(kg/hm²)
年份	处理	茎	叶	茎+叶	茎	叶	籽粒	茎+叶+籽粒
2019	N₁P₁	5098.25e	2550.75e	7640.00e	4863.75e	2428.75e	9036.50e	16329.00e
	N₁P₂	5456.25d	2890.00d	8346.25d	5120.25d	2654.75d	10003.00d	17778.00d
	N2P1	6388.25c	3168.50c	9556.75c	5978.25c	2821.50c	11470.08c	20269.83c
	N2P2	6939.25a	3508.75a	10448.00a	6349.00a	3017.00a	12905.83a	22271.83a
	CK	6418.75b	3205.00b	9623.75b	5988.00b	2854.50b	11509.25b	20351.75b
2020	N₁P₁	5204.25e	2822.25e	8026.50e	5013.00e	2683.00e	9325.00e	17021.00e
	N₁P₂	5654.25d	3184.50d	8838.75d	5314.75d	2909.92d	10557.00d	18781.67d
	N₂P₁	6600.13c	3415.00c	10015.13c	6140.50c	3054.00c	12217.25c	21411.75c
	N₂P₂	7250.00a	3753.25a	11003.25a	6622.50a	3229.00a	13717.25a	23568.75a
	CK	6620.50b	3443.13b	10063.63b	6167.42b	3073.50b	12225.50b	21466.42b