New Wheat Variety ‘Kexing 3302’: Detection and Analysis of High Quality and Yield Related Genes

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0060

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim is to understand the molecular genetic basis of high quality and high yield of new wheat variety ‘Kexing 3302’. ‘Kexing 3302’ was used as the test material，and molecular markers related to quality, dwarf, growth and development, and disease resistance were used for detection. The results showed that ‘Kexing 3302’contained high molecular weight glutenin subunit combination Ax^1G330E, Bx7+By8, Dx5+Dy10, low molecular weight glutenin Glu-A1a, non-1BL /1RS translocation line, which were the genetic basis of high quality; four dwarf genes Rht1, Rht2, Rht8 and Rht24, which were the genetic basis of lodging resistance and high and stable yield of the dwarf; three recessive vernalization genes Vrn-A1b, Vrn-B1b and Vrn-D1b as well as photopericyclic gene insensitivity gene Ppd-D1a, which were the genetic basis of cold resistance and wide adaptability; and QYm.njau-2D locus and anti-stripe rust gene Yr10, which were the genetic basis of high resistance to yellow Mosaic virus and stripe rust disease. The genes of quality, dwarf, growth and disease resistance in ‘Kexing 3302’ were consistent with the phenotype of high quality and yield, disease resistance, laying a foundation for the efficient utilization of the excellent genes of ‘Kexing 3302’ in molecular breeding.

Key words: wheat, ‘Kexing 3302’, high quality, high yield, molecular marker, genetic basis

LYU Chunlei, HAO Shuang, BAI Xintong, WU Enzhao, YANG Meng, CAO Pengbo, WANG Daowen, ZHANG Kunpu. New Wheat Variety ‘Kexing 3302’: Detection and Analysis of High Quality and Yield Related Genes[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(25): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 9

References 33

[1]	刘录祥. 我国小麦产业科技创新发展现状与展望[J]. 寒旱农业科学, 2024, 3(6):491-494.
[2]	WANG D W, LI F, CAO S H, et al. Genomic and functional genomics analyses of gluten proteins and prospect for simultaneous improvement of end-use and health-related traits in wheat[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2020,133:1521-1539.
[3]	张坤普, 李义文, 秦焕菊, 等. 利用分子模块育种技术培育优质强筋小麦新品种科兴3302[A].//中国作物学会.第十届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会摘要集[C]. 2019:1.
[4]	张晓科. 中国小麦矮秆基因和春化基因分布及小麦品质相关性状多重PCR体系建立[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2007.
[5]	MA W, ZHANG W, GALE K. Multiplex-PCR typing of high molecular weight glutenin alleles in wheat[J]. Euphytica, 2003,134:51-60.
[6]	DONG Z, YANG Y, ZHANG K, et al. Development of a new set of molecular markers for examining Glu-A1 variants in common wheat and ancestral species[J]. Plos one, 2017,12:e0180766.
[7]	ZHANG W, GIANIBELLI, M C, RAMPLING L R, et al. Characterisation and marker development for low molecular weight glutenin genes from Glu-A3 alleles of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2004, 108(7):1409-1419.
[8]	ELLIS H, SPIELMEYER W, GALE R, et al. "Perfect" markers for the Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing genes in wheat[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2002, 105(6):1038-1042.
[9]	ASPLUND L, LEINO M W, HAGENBLAD J. Allelic variation at the Rht8 locus in a 19th century wheat collection[J]. Scientific world journal,2012:385610.
[10]	TIAN X, XIA X, XU D, et al. Rht24b, an ancient variation of TaGA2ox-A9, reduces plant height without yield penalty in wheat[J]. New phytolist, 2022, 233(2):738-750.
[11]	FU D, SZUCS P, YAN L, et al. Large deletions within the first intron in Vrn-1 are associated with spring growth habit in barley and wheat[J]. Molecular genetics and genomics, 2005, 273(1):54-65. doi: 10.1007/s00438-004-1095-4 pmid: 15690172
[12]	BEALES J, TURNER A, GRIFFITHS S, et al. A pseudo-response regulator is misexpressed in the photoperiod insensitive Ppd-D1a mutant of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2007, 115(5):721-733.
[13]	黄亮, 刘太国, 肖星芷, 等. 中国79个小麦品种(系)抗条锈病评价及基因分子检测[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(16):3122-3134. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.16.007
[14]	张红, 王歆, 钱禄巧, 等. 151份小麦品种(系)中主要品质基因的分子检测[J]. 江汉大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 51(5):14-23.
[15]	李春鑫, 赵明忠, 韩留鹏, 等. 黄淮麦区41个小麦品种(系)品质相关基因的分子检测[J]. 河南农业科学, 2022, 51(2):18-27.
[16]	芦静, 何中虎, 夏先春, 等. 新疆小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基及相关品质基因的分子标记检测[J]. 作物学报, 2009, 35(4):647-661.
[17]	李式昭, 伍玲, 郑建敏, 等. 优质面条商品小麦澳白麦相关品质基因的分子标记鉴定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(18):3677-3687. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.18.001
[18]	LIU L, HE Z, YAN J, et al. Allelic variation at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci, presence of the 1B.1R translocation, and their effects on mixographic properties in Chinese bread wheats[J]. Euphytica, 2005, 142(2):197-204.
[19]	马丽, 白升升, 亢玲, 等. 宁夏小麦Glu-A3与Glu-B3位点等位变异组成分析[J]. 西北农业学报, 2018, 27(2):175-181.
[20]	ZHEN S, HAN C, MA C, et al. Deletion of the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit allele Glu-A3a of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) significantly reduces dough strength and breadmaking quality[J]. BMC Plant biology, 2014, 14(1):485-520.
[21]	LI Z, REN T, YAN B, et al. A mutant with expression deletion of gene Sec-1 in a 1RS.1BL line and its effect on production quality of wheat[J]. Plos one, 2016, 11(1):e0146943.
[22]	李晓德, 杨宇昕, 朱宸甲, 等. 小麦骨干亲本周8425B矮秆基因在其衍生品种(系)中的遗传解析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(7):21-27.
[23]	张红, 王歆, 钱禄巧, 等. 53份小麦品系中矮秆基因检测及降秆效应分析[J]. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2024,7:1-10.
[24]	牟丽明, 田秀苓, 刘丹, 等. 普通小麦4个主要矮秆基因的分子检测[J]. 西北农业学报, 2022, 31(7):830-836.
[25]	王一钊, 刘玉秀, 孟天琪, 等. 小麦温光发育及相关基因研究进展[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2023, 43(1):14-25.
[26]	LIU J, YAO Y, XIN M, et al. Shaping polyploid wheat for success: Origins, domestication, and the genetic improvement of agronomic traits[J]. Journal of integrative plant biology, 2022, 64(2):536-563. doi: 10.1111/jipb.13210
[27]	高曼霞. 我国小麦春化基因和光周期基因鉴定[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学, 2014.
[28]	ROYO C, DREISIGACKER S, ALFARO C, et al. Effect of Ppd-1 genes on durum wheat flowering time and grain filling duration in a wide range of latitudes[J]. Journal of agricultural science, 2016, 154(4):612.
[29]	黄洁, 杨金叶, DAVINDER S, 等. 121份澳大利亚小麦材料抗条锈病鉴定及分子检测[J]. 植物病理学报, 2024,7:1-16.
[30]	CHEN Y, JI J, KONG D, et al. Resistance of QYm.nau-2D to wheat yellow mosaic virus was derived from an alien introgression into common wheat[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2023, 136(1):3-12.
[31]	范德佳, 王汝琴, 何震天, 等. 小麦黄花叶病抗性研究及育种应用进展[J]. 核农学报, 2024, 38(5):861-869. doi: 10.11869/j.issn.1000-8551.2024.05.0861
[32]	XIAO J, CHEN X, XU Z, et al. Validation and diagnostic marker development for a genetic region associated with wheat yellow mosaic virus resistance[J]. Euphytica, 2016,211:91-101.
[33]	ZHU X B, WANG H Y, GUO J, et al. Mapping and validation of quantitative trait loci associated with wheat yellow mosaic by movirus resistance in bread wheat[J]. Theoretical and applied genetics, 2012, 124(1):177-188.

性状	位点	引物或标记名称	引物序列(5’-3’)	片段长度/bp	退火温度/℃	文献
高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基	Glu-A1	1A_X	F：GCCCAATAATTTGTAAGTCCA	882/719/594	60	[4]
	Glu-A1	1A_X	R：ACAACTATTTCGGAACAGAGG	882/719/594	60	[4]
	Glu-B1	Bx7/17	F：CGCAACAGCCAGGACAATT	630/766/669	58	[5]
		Bx7/17	R：AGAGTTCTATCACTGCCTGGT	630/766/669	58	[5]
		By8	F：TTAGCGCTAAGTGCCGTCT	527	58	[5]
		By8	R：TTGTCCTATTTGCTGCCCTT	527	58	[5]
	Glu-D1	Xrj2	F：CTCGCTCGACGGTGTTGAA	1085/428	60	[6]
	Glu-D1	Xrj2	R：CCTTTGGCCCAGATAAAGTG	1085/428	60	[6]
低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基	Glu-A1	Glu-A3a	F：GTACGCTTTTGTAGCTTGTGC	596	60	[7]
低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基	Glu-A1	Glu-A3a	R：TGGTGGTTGTTGTTGTTGCTACA	596	60	[7]
1BL/1RS	Sec-1	bmac0213	F：ATGGATGCAAGACCAAAC	524	50	[4]
1BL/1RS	Sec-1	bmac0213	R：CTATGAGAGGTAGAGCAGCC	524	50	[4]
矮杆基因	Rht1	NH-BF.2	F：TCTCCTCCCTCCCCACCCCAAC	400	63	[8]
	Rht1	NH-BF.2	R：CATCCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTA	400	63	[8]
	Rht2	DF	F：CGCGCAATTATTGGCCAGAGATAG	254	63	[8]
	Rht2	DF	R：CCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTGCTA	254	63	[8]
	Rht8	DG273	F：CTTGACGAGCTTGGAAATGG	421	55	[9]
	Rht8	DG273	R：GCAACAAGTGCTTCTGTCGT	421	55	[9]
	Rht24	TaGA2ox	F：TCGCAACTTTTGCTAGGCAAT	601	58	[10]
	Rht24	TaGA2ox	R：CAGGAGCAATCTACAGCAGAAAG	601	58	[10]
春化基因	Vrn-A1	Intr1/C	F：GCACTCCTAACCCACTAACC	1086	59	[11]
	Vrn-A1	Intr1/AB	R：TCATCCATCATCAAGGCAAA	1086	59	[11]
	Vrn-B1	Intr1/B	F：CAAGTGGAACGGTTAGGACA	1149	58	[11]
	Vrn-B1	Intr1/B	R：CAAATGAAAAGGAATGAGAGCA	1149	58	[11]
	Vrn-D1	Intr1/D	F：GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	1671	63	[11]
		Intr1/D-3	R：GGTCACTGGTGGTCTGTGC	1671	63	[11]
		Intr1/D	F：GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	997	59	[11]
		Intr1/D-4	R：AAATGAAAAGGAACGAGAGCG	997	59	[11]
光周期基因	Ppd-D1a	2D-Ins	F：ACGCCTCCCACTACACTG	288	50	[12]
	Ppd-D1a	2D-Ins-1	R：GTTGGTTCAAACAGAGAGC	288	50	[12]
	Ppd-D1b	2D-Ins	F：ACGCCTCCCACTACACTG	414	50	[12]
	Ppd-D1b	2D-Ins-2	R：CACTGGTGGTAGCTGAGAT	414	50	[12]
抗条锈病基因	Yr10	SC₂₀₀	F：CTGCAGAGTGACATCATACA	230	57	[13]
抗条锈病基因	Yr10	SC₂₀₀	R：TCGAACTAGTAGATGCTGGC	230	57	[13]
抗黄花叶病毒病基因	Qym.nau-2D	mag4059	F：TGACAGCAGGAAAGAGTCCA	250	55	[33]
抗黄花叶病毒病基因	Qym.nau-2D	mag4059	R：AGCTGCCTGGAGAGCAAGAT	250	55	[33]

性状	位点	引物或标记名称	引物序列(5’-3’)	片段长度/bp	退火温度/℃	文献
高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基	Glu-A1	1A_X	F：GCCCAATAATTTGTAAGTCCA	882/719/594	60	[4]
	Glu-A1	1A_X	R：ACAACTATTTCGGAACAGAGG	882/719/594	60	[4]
	Glu-B1	Bx7/17	F：CGCAACAGCCAGGACAATT	630/766/669	58	[5]
		Bx7/17	R：AGAGTTCTATCACTGCCTGGT	630/766/669	58	[5]
		By8	F：TTAGCGCTAAGTGCCGTCT	527	58	[5]
		By8	R：TTGTCCTATTTGCTGCCCTT	527	58	[5]
	Glu-D1	Xrj2	F：CTCGCTCGACGGTGTTGAA	1085/428	60	[6]
	Glu-D1	Xrj2	R：CCTTTGGCCCAGATAAAGTG	1085/428	60	[6]
低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基	Glu-A1	Glu-A3a	F：GTACGCTTTTGTAGCTTGTGC	596	60	[7]
低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基	Glu-A1	Glu-A3a	R：TGGTGGTTGTTGTTGTTGCTACA	596	60	[7]
1BL/1RS	Sec-1	bmac0213	F：ATGGATGCAAGACCAAAC	524	50	[4]
1BL/1RS	Sec-1	bmac0213	R：CTATGAGAGGTAGAGCAGCC	524	50	[4]
矮杆基因	Rht1	NH-BF.2	F：TCTCCTCCCTCCCCACCCCAAC	400	63	[8]
	Rht1	NH-BF.2	R：CATCCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTA	400	63	[8]
	Rht2	DF	F：CGCGCAATTATTGGCCAGAGATAG	254	63	[8]
	Rht2	DF	R：CCCCATGGCCATCTCGAGCTGCTA	254	63	[8]
	Rht8	DG273	F：CTTGACGAGCTTGGAAATGG	421	55	[9]
	Rht8	DG273	R：GCAACAAGTGCTTCTGTCGT	421	55	[9]
	Rht24	TaGA2ox	F：TCGCAACTTTTGCTAGGCAAT	601	58	[10]
	Rht24	TaGA2ox	R：CAGGAGCAATCTACAGCAGAAAG	601	58	[10]
春化基因	Vrn-A1	Intr1/C	F：GCACTCCTAACCCACTAACC	1086	59	[11]
	Vrn-A1	Intr1/AB	R：TCATCCATCATCAAGGCAAA	1086	59	[11]
	Vrn-B1	Intr1/B	F：CAAGTGGAACGGTTAGGACA	1149	58	[11]
	Vrn-B1	Intr1/B	R：CAAATGAAAAGGAATGAGAGCA	1149	58	[11]
	Vrn-D1	Intr1/D	F：GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	1671	63	[11]
		Intr1/D-3	R：GGTCACTGGTGGTCTGTGC	1671	63	[11]
		Intr1/D	F：GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	997	59	[11]
		Intr1/D-4	R：AAATGAAAAGGAACGAGAGCG	997	59	[11]
光周期基因	Ppd-D1a	2D-Ins	F：ACGCCTCCCACTACACTG	288	50	[12]
	Ppd-D1a	2D-Ins-1	R：GTTGGTTCAAACAGAGAGC	288	50	[12]
	Ppd-D1b	2D-Ins	F：ACGCCTCCCACTACACTG	414	50	[12]
	Ppd-D1b	2D-Ins-2	R：CACTGGTGGTAGCTGAGAT	414	50	[12]
抗条锈病基因	Yr10	SC₂₀₀	F：CTGCAGAGTGACATCATACA	230	57	[13]
抗条锈病基因	Yr10	SC₂₀₀	R：TCGAACTAGTAGATGCTGGC	230	57	[13]
抗黄花叶病毒病基因	Qym.nau-2D	mag4059	F：TGACAGCAGGAAAGAGTCCA	250	55	[33]
抗黄花叶病毒病基因	Qym.nau-2D	mag4059	R：AGCTGCCTGGAGAGCAAGAT	250	55	[33]