Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction Levels on Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities of Winter Wheat Under Rotary Tillage System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0192

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, the effects of reduction levels of nitrogen fertilizer on rhizosphere soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activities were studied, so as to obtain rational application levels and improve resource use efficiency. Under rotary tillage methods, treatments of CK (over-application, 300 kgN/hm²), RF10 (N reduce 10%), RF20 (N reduce 20%), and RF30 (N reduce 30%) were set to conduct experiments in 2017 to 2018 (the first season) and 2018 to 2019 (the second season), respectively. The results showed that compared with CK, RF20 increased the yield, RF10 had a slight decrease in yield, but the difference was not significant. RF30 reduced the yield, with a significant reduction in the first season. The number of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere soil of RF20 decreased at the jointing and filling stages, and the number of fungi decreased significantly in the second season, by 21.50% and 20.63% respectively compared with the control. The number of actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of RF20 decreased significantly by 27.78% to 39.76% at the filling stage. The number of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere soil of RF10 increased at the filling stage, while that of RF30 decreased. The effect of RF10 and RF30 on actinomycetes was irregular. In addition, at the jointing and tillering stage, the urease activity in the rhizosphere soil of RF20 decreased, and the sucrase and urease activities in the rhizosphere soil of RF10 both decreased. At the filling stage, the sucrase activity in the rhizosphere soil of RF20 and the urease activity in the rhizosphere soil of RF30 both increased. In conclusion, under the nitrogen application rate of 300 kgN/hm², reducing the nitrogen supply by 10% and 20% in the wheat season improved the soil microbial quantity and soil enzyme activity, saved fertilizer input, and achieved stable yield and increased efficiency.

Key words: rotary tillage, reduction levels of nitrogen fertilizer, winter wheat growing season, soil microorganisms, soil enzyme

NIE Shengwei, ZHANG Qiaoping, WANG Jianchao, PAN Xiuyan, WANG Hui, LI Jinping. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction Levels on Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms and Enzyme Activities of Winter Wheat Under Rotary Tillage System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(25): 54-59.

Figures/Tables 6

References 36

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处理	2018年	2019年
CK	7985.6±291.0a	9596.7±272.5a
RF10	7761.3±253.8a	9442.1±1639.3a
RF20	8071.3±321.8a	10132.7±408.2a
RF30	6919.4±723.1b	8960.4±1558.0a

处理	2018年	2019年
CK	7985.6±291.0a	9596.7±272.5a
RF10	7761.3±253.8a	9442.1±1639.3a
RF20	8071.3±321.8a	10132.7±408.2a
RF30	6919.4±723.1b	8960.4±1558.0a

处理	2018年		2019年
处理	返青拔节期	灌浆期	返青拔节期	灌浆期
CK	17.01±1.83a	43.41±4.87a	27.34±2.26a	24.98±2.52ab
RF10	5.19±2.46a	45.53±15.33a	27.04±3.08a	23.52±1.78b
RF20	9.54±7.42a	43.56±10.51a	28.27±2.21a	25.77±3.19ab
RF30	7.28±5.58a	42.59±11.68a	27.63±4.36a	27.95±2.03a

处理	2018年		2019年
处理	返青拔节期	灌浆期	返青拔节期	灌浆期
CK	17.01±1.83a	43.41±4.87a	27.34±2.26a	24.98±2.52ab
RF10	5.19±2.46a	45.53±15.33a	27.04±3.08a	23.52±1.78b
RF20	9.54±7.42a	43.56±10.51a	28.27±2.21a	25.77±3.19ab
RF30	7.28±5.58a	42.59±11.68a	27.63±4.36a	27.95±2.03a

处理	2018年		2019年
处理	返青拔节期	灌浆期	返青拔节期	灌浆期
CK	42.45±18.18a	18.375±5.51a	16.105±6.18a	14.503±2.07b
RF10	35.95±6.16a	17.974±2.49a	10.808±1.51a	14.770±2.88b
RF20	37.55±3.23a	17.885±2.02a	11.209±1.85a	19.532±2.94a
RF30	28.74±12.63a	24.962±4.52a	18.464±5.48a	16.283±1.98ab