Study on Key Factors Influencing the Proliferation Coefficient and Bulb Enlargement in Tissue Culture of Lilium davidii var. unicolor

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0299

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the industrialization bottlenecks of traditional lily propagation, namely the long cycle and low multiplication coefficient, and to optimize its rapid propagation system via tissue culture, this study utilized scale segments from virus-free test-tube plantlets of Lilium davidii var. unicolor as explants. Through single-factor gradient experiments, the effects of hormone combinations (ZT, IAA, KT), sucrose concentration, photoperiod, and culture temperature on the proliferation coefficient of lily scale segments were investigated. Additionally, the regulatory effects of sucrose concentration and hormone combinations on the bulking of test-tube bulbs were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the optimal conditions for scale segment proliferation were 1.0 mg/L KT + 0.5 mg/L ZT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA (hormone combination), 30 g/L sucrose, a culture temperature of 23℃, and a 12 h/d photoperiod. Under these conditions, the maximum proliferation coefficient reached 43, with robust plant growth and a moderate number of leaves, balancing efficiency and cost control. (2) When using a single cytokinin (KT or ZT) alone, 1.5 mg/L ZT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA (proliferation coefficient 29) and 1.5 mg/L KT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA (proliferation coefficient 27) yielded the best results, but these were significantly lower than the synergistic treatment involving both cytokinins. (3) The optimal combination for test-tube bulb bulking was 0.5 mg/L KT+ 0.3 mg/L IAA (hormone combination) with 60 g/L sucrose, achieving a bulb formation rate of 96% and a maximum bulking multiple of 3.3. The bulbs exhibited good compactness and significant fresh weight accumulation. Although a higher sucrose concentration (≥90 g/L) could increase the bulking multiple (3.71), it led to a decreased bulb formation rate (89.7%) and abnormal growth. This study clarifies the key regulatory factors and optimal parameters for the proliferation and bulb bulking of Lilium davidii var. unicolor in tissue culture, providing a scientific basis and technical support for the large-scale propagation of its virus-free improved varieties.

Key words: Lilium davidii var. unicolor, tissue culture, multiplication coefficient, sucrose concentration, phytohormone, radiation time, culture temperature

ZHANG Xin, GUO Zhihong, CHAI Juan, MA Rong, ZHOU Feng, WANG Qiong, YAO Zhuonan. Study on Key Factors Influencing the Proliferation Coefficient and Bulb Enlargement in Tissue Culture of Lilium davidii var. unicolor[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(31): 41-46.

Figures/Tables 7

References 26

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光照条件	接种数量/个	增殖数量/个	增殖系数	植株生长状况
暗培养	45	760	17	叶片较少、徒长，小鳞茎愈伤化、抱合度较差，几乎无生根
光培养(12 h)	45	1200	27	叶片、小鳞茎生长正常，生根较多
光培养(16 h)	45	1230	27	叶片、小鳞茎生长正常，有生根

光照条件	接种数量/个	增殖数量/个	增殖系数	植株生长状况
暗培养	45	760	17	叶片较少、徒长，小鳞茎愈伤化、抱合度较差，几乎无生根
光培养(12 h)	45	1200	27	叶片、小鳞茎生长正常，生根较多
光培养(16 h)	45	1230	27	叶片、小鳞茎生长正常，有生根

培养温度/℃	接种数量/个	增殖数量/个	增殖系数	植株生长状况
18	45	230	5	几乎不生长
20	45	1110	25	生长缓慢
23	45	1310	29	叶片、根系均生长良好
25	45	1270	28	叶片、根系均生长较好
28	45	1090	24	生长缓慢，叶片易枯黄

培养温度/℃	接种数量/个	增殖数量/个	增殖系数	植株生长状况
18	45	230	5	几乎不生长
20	45	1110	25	生长缓慢
23	45	1310	29	叶片、根系均生长良好
25	45	1270	28	叶片、根系均生长较好
28	45	1090	24	生长缓慢，叶片易枯黄

蔗糖浓度/(g/L)	初始单芽总数/个	新生鳞茎初始单芽数/个	鳞茎形成率/%	初始单芽鲜重/g	鳞茎鲜重/g	鳞茎膨大倍数
10	12	4.44	37.0	0.22	0.32	1.45
30	12	8.16	68.0	0.22	0.52	2.36
60	12	11.52	96.0	0.23	0.76	3.30
90	12	10.76	89.7	0.24	0.89	3.71
120	12	9.14	76.2	0.22	0.68	3.09