Effects of Sowing Date and Seeding Rate on Population Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat in Chengdu Plain Area

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0208

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different sowing dates and seeding rates on the growth and yield of winter wheat in the Chengdu Plain, a two-factor split-zone experiment was adopted using the wheat variety 'Chuanmai 1247'. The main plots were designed with five sowing dates (S₁: November 1^st, traditional sowing date; S₂: November 8^th; S₃: November 15^th; S₄: November 22^nd; S₅: November 29^th), and the subplots were set with two seeding rates (R₁: 225 kg/hm²，traditional seeding rate; R₂: 300 kg/hm²). The effects of each treatment on wheat growth period, tiller dynamics, dry matter accumulation and yield were systematically studied. The results showed that compared with traditional sowing date S₁, the entire growth period of wheat under S₂-S₅ treatments was shortened by 4-17 days, which was mainly reflected in the shortening of the reproductive growth stage. As sowing delayed, the productive tiller percentage increased by 21.87% to 39.69% compared with S₁. The number of effective spikes, dry matter accumulation at the maturity stage, and yield initially increased and subsequently decreased with sowing delayed, and all reached the maximum under S₃ treatment, which increasing by 24.46%, 2.40%, and 15.43% respectively, compared with S₁. However, the thousand-grain weight consistently decreased with sowing delayed. Higher seeding rate (R₂) led to higher tiller numbers of wheat at all growth stages but reduce the productive tiller percentage. Increasing the seeding rate under traditional sowing date (S₁) reduced grain yield. Conversely, increasing the seeding rate under delayed sowing conditions could increased grain yield. In summary, delayed sowing date shortens the reproductive stage of wheat. Delay sowing appropriately (e.g, S₂-S₃) can increase grain yield by increasing the number of effective spikes and dry matter accumulation. Increasing seeding rate under traditional sowing date is detrimental to yield formation, whereas increasing seeding rate under delayed sowing date can stabilize or enhance yield. This study provides technical support for the high-yield cultivation of wheat following rice.

Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), sowing date, seeding rate, grain yield, growth period, tiller dynamics, dry matter accumulation

LIU Sixi, HUANG Xiangqing, DAI Tingyun, SUN Jiawei, CHEN Huihuan, GAO Tian, TANG Xueqin, YANG Yuping, YAN Hong. Effects of Sowing Date and Seeding Rate on Population Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat in Chengdu Plain Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(2): 32-39.

Figures/Tables 8

References 26

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日期（年.月）	日均温/℃			降水量/mm			日照时数/h
2023.10	18.8	17.5	17.3	32.3	25.6	8.7	7	8.5	22.2
2023.11	17.1	10.7	12.6	16.2	22.5	0	34.8	15.5	35.5
2023.12	10	7.5	6.3	0.5	0	0.1	24.4	18.8	31.4
2024.01	8.9	10.4	4.2	0	1.3	11	32.4	5.9	6.5
2024.02	6.5	11.6	5.7	4.4	2.8	11.2	25.2	50.4	4.7
2024.03	9.3	14.2	16.8	7.2	11.3	36.4	2.5	28.7	54.2
2024.04	17.3	21.2	19.9	38.6	51.6	33.3	15.1	38.5	41.8
2024.05	18.5	22.7	24.2	27.2	18.1	22.3	28.6	46.3	44.8

日期（年.月）	日均温/℃			降水量/mm			日照时数/h
2023.10	18.8	17.5	17.3	32.3	25.6	8.7	7	8.5	22.2
2023.11	17.1	10.7	12.6	16.2	22.5	0	34.8	15.5	35.5
2023.12	10	7.5	6.3	0.5	0	0.1	24.4	18.8	31.4
2024.01	8.9	10.4	4.2	0	1.3	11	32.4	5.9	6.5
2024.02	6.5	11.6	5.7	4.4	2.8	11.2	25.2	50.4	4.7
2024.03	9.3	14.2	16.8	7.2	11.3	36.4	2.5	28.7	54.2
2024.04	17.3	21.2	19.9	38.6	51.6	33.3	15.1	38.5	41.8
2024.05	18.5	22.7	24.2	27.2	18.1	22.3	28.6	46.3	44.8

处理	播期（月.日）	播种量/(kg/hm²)
S1R1	11.1 （传统播期）	225（传统播量）
S1R2	11.1 （传统播期）	300
S2R1	11.8	225
S2R2	11.8	300
S3R1	11.15	225
S3R2	11.15	300
S4R1	11.22	225
S4R2	11.22	300
S5R1	11.29	225
S5R2	11.29	300

处理	播期（月.日）	播种量/(kg/hm²)
S1R1	11.1 （传统播期）	225（传统播量）
S1R2	11.1 （传统播期）	300
S2R1	11.8	225
S2R2	11.8	300
S3R1	11.15	225
S3R2	11.15	300
S4R1	11.22	225
S4R2	11.22	300
S5R1	11.29	225
S5R2	11.29	300

播期	播种	分蘖期	拔节期	开花期	成熟期
S1	11.1	11.26	1.3	3.15	4.24
S2	11.8	12.4	1.11	3.19	4.27
S3	11.15	12.11	1.22	3.22	5.1
S4	11.22	12.27	1.27	3.26	5.3
S5	11.29	1.7	2.6	3.29	5.5