Abstract: In the light of realistic problems such as increased residual amount of soil nutrient, wasting of resources, environmental pollution, ecological imbalance and especially lake water quality, which were caused by excessive fertilization in the production of potato in the runoff area of Xingyun Lake, field plot trials and indoor detection and analysis were conducted to study the effects of different potato fertilizer application technologies on the yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency. The results showed that the yield of potato stem tuber, recovery efficiency, agronomic utilization efficiency and partial factor productivity of nitrogen were decreasing with increasing nitrogen application amount when nitrogen was applied between 300 kg/hm2 and 600 kg/hm2, and they had the highest values of 56278.5 kg/hm2, 64.3%, 108.0 kg/kg and 186.2 kg/kg with the nitrogen application amount of 300 kg/hm2, respectively. The yield of potato stem tuber were nearly the same respectively, but recovery efficiency, agronomic utilization efficiency and partial factor productivity of phosphorus were the highest when the application of P2O5 was 75 kg/hm2, which were 15.5%, 40.5 kg/kg and 711.0 kg/kg, respectively. Also, no obvious difference in the yield of potato stem tuber was showed when K2O was applied by 150 kg/hm2 or 300 kg/hm2, with yield values of 55173.0 kg/hm2 and 55911.8 kg/hm2, respectively. Only when fertilizers were applied in the form of base fertilizers and with one time topdressing, absorption amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant and the potato yield were the maximum. The fertilization technology of controlling nitrogen and reducing phosphorus in winter potato production in runoff area of Xingyun Lake was applying nitrogen by 300-450 kg/hm2, P2O5 by 75-105 kg/hm2 and K2O by 150- 225 kg/hm2, and the toplimit fertilizer amount could be adopted when soil nutrient was poor. Additionally, the base fertilizers of nitrogen, P2O5 and K2O were applied in the way of broadcasted sowing ditch by the percentage of 70%, 100% and 70%, respectively. The other base fertilizers were applied with water in budding stage. These research results have been applied to local potato production, they could not only achieve high yield and high efficiently, but also reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus, making for anti-pollution and protection of water quality in Xingyun Lake.