Abstract: Based on chestnut’s phenology observation data and meteorological data from 1971 to 2017 at Maiji National Base Weather Station, the model for assessing the climate suitability degree of chestnut was set up. We analyzed the climate suitability of every main growth periods of chestnut. The results showed that chestnut synthesize climate suitability degree was 0.67, sunshine suitability degree was 0.74, water suitability degree was 0.66 and temperature suitability degree was 0.65 from 1971 to 2017. The synthesize climate suitability degree increased with time in recent years. The water and temperature suitability degree varied with different growth periods and sunshine suitability degree kept high value in all growth periods. The variation range of temperature suitability degree was big and water suitability degree had a rising trend in sprout and flowering period. The water suitability degree was low while temperature suitability degree was high in fruit expansion period, while the temperature suitability degree was low and the water suitability degree was high in fruit maturation period, the environment condition of growth for chestnut become more unsuitable. We suggested that water supplying in sprout and flowering period and heat resource in maturation period should be considered in building chestnut orchard.