Effect on Weed Occurrence and Wheat Yield: Different Herbicide Combinations

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600345

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of different herbicide combinations on weed occurrence and wheat yield, a field experiment was conducted from 2016 to 2017 with a high-yield wheat cultivar ‘Huaimai 43’, and five weed control treatments were set up, including manual weeding (T₁), 5% pinoxaden+50% isoproteron+15% florasulam·fluroxypyr-mepthyl (T₂), 4% pyroxsulam+50% isoproteron+15% florasulam·fluroxypyr-mepthyl (T₃), 4% pyroxsulam+15% florasulam·fluroxypyr-mepthyl (T₄), 15% clodinafop-propargyl+50 g·L florasulam (T₅) and non-weeding treatment as control check (CK). The results showed that, compared with CK, the occurrence amount and dry matter of weed per unit area were significantly reduced after the application of herbicides, especially T₃ and T₄ showed better control effects, which was up to over 90%. The yield of wheat decreased with the increase of the amount and weight of weed. Compared with CK, wheat yield was markedly increased after weed control, and the yield increase of T₁, T₂ and T₃ was the most, followed by T₄, and T₅ was the least. Moreover, physiological indexes showed that T₁, T₂ and T₃ exhibited a higher increase in LAI, dry matter accumulation, leaf photosynthetic rate and contents of IAA, GA₁+GA₄, and Z+ZR in grains of wheat, while T₄ and T₅ showed a low increase in the above physiological indexes, which could be an important reason for the low increase in wheat yield under T₄ and T₅ treatments.

Key words: wheat, weed, herbicide, wheat yield, physiological response

CLC Number:

S451.22+1

Zhang Zichang, Fu Yousheng, Li Yongfeng, Gu Tao, Yang Xia, Cao Jingjing. Effect on Weed Occurrence and Wheat Yield: Different Herbicide Combinations[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(23): 106-111.

Figures/Tables 8

References 32

[1]	Reynolds M, Foulkes M J, Slafer G A, et al. Raising yield potential in wheat[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2009,60:1899-1918. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp016 URL pmid: 19363203
[2]	Behdarvand P, Chinchanikar S, Dhumal N, et al. Effects of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and wild oat (Avena ludoviciana L.) densities on grain yield and yield components of wheat in response to various levels of nitrogen[J]. Advances in Environmental Biology. 2013,7:1082-1087.
[3]	叶香平, 何华健, 胡琼英. 不同除草剂对小麦阔叶杂草防除效果评价[J]. 农业灾害研究, 2012,2(1):23.
[4]	于金凤, 王金信, 陈茂学, 等. 麦田混生杂草生态经济阈值的研究[J]. 植物保护, 2002,28(5):13-15.
[5]	郭建军, 王风池. 乙草胺与4种除草剂混用对覆膜棉田的除草效果[J]. 农药, 2009,48(4):294-295.
[6]	吴仁海, 孙慧慧, 苏旺苍, 等. 几种除草剂对马铃薯安全性及混用效果[J].农药, 2018(1):61-63.
[7]	吴颂如, 陈婉芬, 周燮. 酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定内源植物激素[J].植物生理学通讯, 1988(5):53-58.
[8]	董春华, 刘强, 高菊生, 等. 不同施肥模式下水稻生育期间杂草群落特征[J]. 草业学报, 2013,22(3):224.
[9]	高宗军, 李美, 高兴祥, 等. 不同耕作方式对冬小麦田杂草群落的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011,20(1):15-21. doi: 10.11686/cyxb20110103 URL
[10]	高兴祥, 李美, 葛秋岭, 等. 啶磺草胺等8种除草剂对小麦田8种禾本科杂草的生物活性[J]. 植物保护学报, 2011,38(6):557-562.
[11]	朱阿秀, 张绍明, 鞠国刚, 等. 近年江苏省麦田杂草发生情况及防除对策[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2018,38(7):54-57.
[12]	毕耀宇, 姚满生, 郭平毅. 小麦田杂草化学防除面临的问题及发展趋势[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2006,34(3):527-527,564.
[13]	Guo W, Zhang L, Wang H, et al. A Rare Ile-2041-Thr Mutation in the ACCase Gene Confers Resistance to ACCase-inhibiting Herbicides in Shortawn Foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis)[J]. Weed Science, 2017,65:239-246. doi: 10.1017/wsc.2016.32 URL
[14]	Liu W T, Bi Y L, Lingxu Li, Yuan G H, et al. Target-site basis for resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitor in Water chickweed (Myosoton aquaticum L.)[J]. Pesticide Biology and Physiology, 2013,107:50-54.
[15]	Khaliq A, Hussain S, Matloob A, et al. Aqeous swine cress (Coronopus didymus) extracts inhibit wheat germination and early seedling growth[J]. International Journal of Radiation Biology. 2013,15:743-748.
[16]	Khaliq A, Hussain S, Matloob A, et al. Swine cress (Cronopus didymus L. Sm.) residues inhibit rice emergence and early seedling growth[J]. Philippine Agricultural Scientist. 2014,96:419-425.
[17]	Khaliq A, Matloob A, Chauhan B S. Weed management in dry-seeded fine rice under varying row spacing in the rice-wheat system of Punjab, Pak[J]. Plant Production Science, 2014,17:321-332. doi: 10.1626/pps.17.321 URL
[18]	Estorninos J L E, Gealy D R, Gbur E E, et al. Rice and red rice interference. II. Rice response to population densities of three red rice (Oryza sativa) ecotypes[J]. Weed Science, 2005,53, 683-689.
[19]	Hussain S, Khaliq A, Matloob A, et al. Interference and economic threshold level of little seed canary grass in wheat under different sowing times[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015,22:441-449. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3304-y URL pmid: 25081004
[20]	Chauhan B S, Johnson D E. Implications of narrow crop row spacing and delayed Echinochloa colona and Echinochloa crus-galli emergence for weed growth and crop yield loss in aerobic rice[J]. Field Crops Research, 2010,117:177-182. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2010.02.014 URL
[21]	Chauhan B S, Johnson D E. The role of seed ecology in improving weed management strategies in the tropics[J]. Advances in. Agronomy, 2010,105:221-262.
[22]	李涛, 温广月, 钱振官, 等. 不同类型杂草危害对小麦产量的影响[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2013,33(4):28-30.
[23]	房锋, 李美, 高兴祥, 等. 冬小麦田大穗看麦娘种群动态及对小麦产量的影响[J]. 植物保护学报, 2018,45(2):344.
[24]	Murphy K M, Dawson J C, Jones S S. Relationship among phenotypic growth traits, yield and weed suppression in spring wheat landraces and modern cultivars[J]. Field Crops Research, 2008,105:107-115. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2007.08.004 URL
[25]	Gharde Y, Singh P K, Dubey R P, et al. Assessment of yield and economic losses in agriculture due to weeds in India[J]. Crop Protection, 2018,107:12-18. doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2018.01.007 URL
[26]	Zhao D D, Shen J Y, Lang K, et al. Effects of irrigation and wide-precision planting on water use, radiation interception, and grain yield of winter wheat in the North China Plain[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2013,118:143-158.
[27]	董树亭. 高产冬小麦群体光合能力与产量关系的研究[J]. 作物学报, 1991,17(6):461-469.
[28]	张龙, 杨洪强, 李强, 等. 生长素和细胞分裂素对平邑甜茶组培苗PAs和NO含量的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2009,36:953-958.
[29]	徐云姬, 顾道健, 张博博, 等. 玉米果穗不同部位籽粒激素含量及其与胚乳发育和籽粒灌浆的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2013,39(8):1452-1461. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01452 URL
[30]	徐云姬. 三种和谷类作物强、弱势粒灌浆差异性机理及其调控技术[D]. 扬州:扬州大学, 2016.
[31]	Yang J C, Zhang J H, Wang Z Q, et al. Hormones in the grains in relation to sink strength and postanjournal development of spikelets in rice[J]. Plant Growth Regulation, 2003,41:185-193. doi: 10.1023/B:GROW.0000007503.95391.38 URL
[32]	Yang J C, Zhang J H, Huang Z L, et al. Correlation of cytokinin levels in the endosperm and roots with cell number and cell division activity during endosperm development in rice[J]. Annals of Botany, 2002,90:369-377. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcf198 URL pmid: 12234149

处理	杂草数目/(株/m²)	杂草干/(g/m²)	干重防效/%	杂草发生种类
CK	924.5a	1800.3±280.4a	-	菵草、日本看麦娘、繁缕、荠菜、看麦娘、猪殃殃、野老鹳、大巢菜、多花黑麦草、播娘蒿、藜、早熟禾
T₁	0	0e	-	无
T₂	24.2d	136.9±23.5d	92.4	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘
T₃	35.4d	170.5±19.8d	90.5	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘
T₄	118.8c	350.9±32.3c	80.5	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘
T₅	168.6b	480.6±42.6b	73.3	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘

处理	杂草数目/(株/m²)	杂草干/(g/m²)	干重防效/%	杂草发生种类
CK	924.5a	1800.3±280.4a	-	菵草、日本看麦娘、繁缕、荠菜、看麦娘、猪殃殃、野老鹳、大巢菜、多花黑麦草、播娘蒿、藜、早熟禾
T₁	0	0e	-	无
T₂	24.2d	136.9±23.5d	92.4	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘
T₃	35.4d	170.5±19.8d	90.5	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘
T₄	118.8c	350.9±32.3c	80.5	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘
T₅	168.6b	480.6±42.6b	73.3	菵草、日本看麦娘、看麦娘

处理	越冬期	拔节期	抽穗期
CK	2.06±0.10a	3.86±0.28b	4.76±0.21c
T₁	2.10±0.12a	4.72±0.32a	6.49±0.35a
T₂	2.08±.0.06a	4.59±0.29a	6.44±0.37a
T₃	2.10±0.08a	4.58±0.26a	6.51±0.29a
T₄	2.06±0.05a	4.42±0.26ab	5.70±0.24b
T₅	2.13±0.09a	4.31±0.28ab	5.47±0.18b

处理	越冬期	拔节期	抽穗期
CK	2.06±0.10a	3.86±0.28b	4.76±0.21c
T₁	2.10±0.12a	4.72±0.32a	6.49±0.35a
T₂	2.08±.0.06a	4.59±0.29a	6.44±0.37a
T₃	2.10±0.08a	4.58±0.26a	6.51±0.29a
T₄	2.06±0.05a	4.42±0.26ab	5.70±0.24b
T₅	2.13±0.09a	4.31±0.28ab	5.47±0.18b

处理	越冬期	拔节期	抽穗期	成熟期
CK	2.07±0.10a	3.39±0.21c	6.57±0.35c	10.35±0.50d
T₁	2.09±0.21a	4.15±0.27a	11.05±0.65a	18.42±0.78a
T₂	2.18±0.07a	4.04±0.15a	10.42±0.54a	17.27±0.67a
T₃	2.13±0.15a	4.08±0.26a	10.78±0.40a	17.13±0.64a
T₄	2.09±0.09a	3.88±0.20ab	9.33±0.46b	15.71±0.47b
T₅	2.11±0.09a	3.77±0.23ab	8.93±0.41b	14.08±0.40c