Fertilizers’ Effect on Plug Seedlings Quality of Sunflower: Based on Principal Component Analysis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190900671

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the effects of different fertilizers on plug seedlings’ growth, and to select the suitable fertilizer type and healthy index for sunflower plug seedlings. The ornamental sunflower ‘Summer Breeze’ was used as material. The principal component analysis is used to comprehensively evaluate the effects of different fertilizers on plug seedling quality of sunflower. The results show that application of Huaduoduo fertilizer with high percentage of nitrogen and potassium could improve the leaf chlorophyll content, plant height and stem diameter, and increase assimilate accumulation of sunflower plug seedling compared with other fertilizer treatments. Application of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer could benefit root growth and root assimilate accumulation of sunflower plug seedling. Compared with other fertilizer treatments, the leaf chlorophyll content, plant height, stem diameter, dry weight per plant, fresh weight per plant, shoot dry weight and shoot fresh weight under Huaduoduo fertilizer with high percentage of nitrogen and potassium increase on average by 15.6%, 10.0%, 6.6%, 15.1%, 11.4%, 16.6%, 13.8%, respectively. The root dry weight, root fresh weight and main root length under potassium sulfate compound fertilizer increase on average by 13.3%, 35.0%, 4.9%, respectively. The efficiency of the four fertilizers is in order as follows: Huaduoduo fertilizer with high percentage of nitrogen and potassium>potassium sulfate compound fertilizer>controlled-release fertilizer> Huaduoduo No. 1. In conclusion, Huaduoduo fertilizer with high percentage of nitrogen and potassium is preferred for sunflower plug seedlings. The stem diameter/plant height ×fresh weight per plant ×100 could be used as the healthy index of sunflower plug seedlings.

Key words: sunflower, plug seedlings, fertilizer types, healthy index, principal component analysis

CLC Number:

S147.5

Ji Hongting, Wang Yong, Zeng Yannan, Cheng Rundong, Wang Qingnan, Zhao Hejuan. Fertilizers’ Effect on Plug Seedlings Quality of Sunflower: Based on Principal Component Analysis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(29): 100-106.

Figures/Tables 5

References 28

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生长指标	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5	P < 0.05
PDW/(g/株)	0.054 c	0.068 b	0.066 b	0.077 a	0.067 b	**
PFW/(g/株)	0.593 d	0.784 ab	0.747 b	0.837 a	0.725 c	**
SDW/(g/株)	0.044 c	0.057 b	0.057 b	0.067 a	0.058 b	**
SFW/(g/株)	0.554 c	0.720 b	0.695 b	0.793 a	0.677 b	**
RDW/(mg/株)	10.00 ab	10.30 a	8.55 c	9.81 ab	9.00 bc	ns
RFW/(mg/株)	39.00 c	63.81 a	51.21 b	46.03 bc	47.58 bc	**
PH/cm	7.60 c	8.14 b	7.75 c	8.67 a	7.78 c	**
SD/cm	0.142 c	0.173 b	0.166 b	0.182 a	0.173 b	**
SPAD	43.0 b	36.5 b	40.1 b	46.8 a	41.2 b	**
MRL/cm	7.60 a	7.75 a	7.28 a	7.58 a	7.33 a	ns
PDW/PFW/(10×g/g)	0.910 a	0.863 a	0.878 a	0.918 a	0.923 a	ns
RDW/SDW	0.228 a	0.179 b	0.150 c	0.147 c	0.156 c	**
RFW/SFW	0.071 b	0.089 a	0.074 b	0.055 c	0.070 b	**
SD/PH	0.019 b	0.021 a	0.021 a	0.021 a	0.022 a	**
SDW/SD	0.311 c	0.332 bc	0.343 ab	0.369 a	0.335 bc	*
SDW/PH	5.798 a	7.045 b	7.355 b	7.719 b	7.438 b	**
PDW/SPAD	1.35 c	1.82 a	1.70 ab	1.60 b	1.79 a	**
PFW/SPAD	14.89 d	21.04 a	19.36 b	17.50 c	19.39 b	**
RDW/MRL	5.13 c	8.25 a	7.03 ab	5.79 bc	6.55 b	**

生长指标	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5	P < 0.05
PDW/(g/株)	0.054 c	0.068 b	0.066 b	0.077 a	0.067 b	**
PFW/(g/株)	0.593 d	0.784 ab	0.747 b	0.837 a	0.725 c	**
SDW/(g/株)	0.044 c	0.057 b	0.057 b	0.067 a	0.058 b	**
SFW/(g/株)	0.554 c	0.720 b	0.695 b	0.793 a	0.677 b	**
RDW/(mg/株)	10.00 ab	10.30 a	8.55 c	9.81 ab	9.00 bc	ns
RFW/(mg/株)	39.00 c	63.81 a	51.21 b	46.03 bc	47.58 bc	**
PH/cm	7.60 c	8.14 b	7.75 c	8.67 a	7.78 c	**
SD/cm	0.142 c	0.173 b	0.166 b	0.182 a	0.173 b	**
SPAD	43.0 b	36.5 b	40.1 b	46.8 a	41.2 b	**
MRL/cm	7.60 a	7.75 a	7.28 a	7.58 a	7.33 a	ns
PDW/PFW/(10×g/g)	0.910 a	0.863 a	0.878 a	0.918 a	0.923 a	ns
RDW/SDW	0.228 a	0.179 b	0.150 c	0.147 c	0.156 c	**
RFW/SFW	0.071 b	0.089 a	0.074 b	0.055 c	0.070 b	**
SD/PH	0.019 b	0.021 a	0.021 a	0.021 a	0.022 a	**
SDW/SD	0.311 c	0.332 bc	0.343 ab	0.369 a	0.335 bc	*
SDW/PH	5.798 a	7.045 b	7.355 b	7.719 b	7.438 b	**
PDW/SPAD	1.35 c	1.82 a	1.70 ab	1.60 b	1.79 a	**
PFW/SPAD	14.89 d	21.04 a	19.36 b	17.50 c	19.39 b	**
RDW/MRL	5.13 c	8.25 a	7.03 ab	5.79 bc	6.55 b	**

生长指标	PDW	PFW	SDW	SFW	RFW	PH	SD	SPAD	RDW/SDW	RFW/SFW	SD/PH	SDW/PH	SDW/SD	PDW/SPAD	PFW/SPAD	RDW/MRL
PDW	1.00
PFW	0.97^**	1.00
SDW	0.99^**	0.95^*	1.00
SFW	0.99^**	1.00^**	0.98^**	1.00
RFW	0.30	0.49	0.26	0.40	1.00
PH	0.87	0.84	0.82	0.86	0.15	1.00
SD	0.99^**	0.96^**	0.97^**	0.96^*	0.45	0.76	1.00
SPAD	0.54	0.43	0.53	0.50	-0.48	0.77	0.33	1.00
RDW/SDW	-0.86	-0.84	-0.90^*	-0.84	-0.28	-0.50	-0.88^*	-0.25	1.00
RFW/SFW	-0.36	-0.16	-0.40	-0.25	0.78	-0.42	-0.19	-0.83	0.29	1.00
SD/PH	0.71	0.69	0.74	0.67	0.47	0.30	0.84	-0.12	-0.87	0.00	1.00
SDW/PH	0.94^*	0.89^*	0.96^*	0.93^*	0.05	0.83	0.85^*	0.29	-0.85^*	-0.57	0.56	1.00
SDW/SD	0.92^*	0.90^*	0.95^**	0.90^*	0.33	0.61	0.95^*	0.71	-0.98^**	-0.28	0.89^*	0.88	1.00
PDW/SPAD	0.58	0.66	0.58	0.60	0.80	0.21	0.75	-0.37	-0.70	0.41	0.90^*	-0.78	-0.43	1.00
PFW/SPAD	0.50	0.63	0.49	0.56	0.90^*	0.17	0.67	-0.43	-0.61	0.56	0.78	-0.69	-0.35	0.97^**	1.00
RDW/MRL	0.31	0.49	0.28	0.40	0.98^**	0.08	0.46	-0.53	-0.37	0.76	0.54	-0.46	-0.14	0.85	0.95^*	1.00

生长指标	PDW	PFW	SDW	SFW	RFW	PH	SD	SPAD	RDW/SDW	RFW/SFW	SD/PH	SDW/PH	SDW/SD	PDW/SPAD	PFW/SPAD	RDW/MRL
PDW	1.00
PFW	0.97^**	1.00
SDW	0.99^**	0.95^*	1.00
SFW	0.99^**	1.00^**	0.98^**	1.00
RFW	0.30	0.49	0.26	0.40	1.00
PH	0.87	0.84	0.82	0.86	0.15	1.00
SD	0.99^**	0.96^**	0.97^**	0.96^*	0.45	0.76	1.00
SPAD	0.54	0.43	0.53	0.50	-0.48	0.77	0.33	1.00
RDW/SDW	-0.86	-0.84	-0.90^*	-0.84	-0.28	-0.50	-0.88^*	-0.25	1.00
RFW/SFW	-0.36	-0.16	-0.40	-0.25	0.78	-0.42	-0.19	-0.83	0.29	1.00
SD/PH	0.71	0.69	0.74	0.67	0.47	0.30	0.84	-0.12	-0.87	0.00	1.00
SDW/PH	0.94^*	0.89^*	0.96^*	0.93^*	0.05	0.83	0.85^*	0.29	-0.85^*	-0.57	0.56	1.00
SDW/SD	0.92^*	0.90^*	0.95^**	0.90^*	0.33	0.61	0.95^*	0.71	-0.98^**	-0.28	0.89^*	0.88	1.00
PDW/SPAD	0.58	0.66	0.58	0.60	0.80	0.21	0.75	-0.37	-0.70	0.41	0.90^*	-0.78	-0.43	1.00
PFW/SPAD	0.50	0.63	0.49	0.56	0.90^*	0.17	0.67	-0.43	-0.61	0.56	0.78	-0.69	-0.35	0.97^**	1.00
RDW/MRL	0.31	0.49	0.28	0.40	0.98^**	0.08	0.46	-0.53	-0.37	0.76	0.54	-0.46	-0.14	0.85	0.95^*	1.00

统计参数	PC1	PC2	PC3
特征值	6.22	5.04	4.57
方差贡献率	38.85	31.50	28.57
累计方差贡献率	38.85	70.35	98.91
生长指标	特征向量
PDW	0.332	0.246	0.041
PFW	0.330	0.217	0.134
SDW	0.313	0.278	0.018
SFW	0.339	0.221	0.091
RFW	0.069	0.061	0.456
PH	0.395	0.038	-0.012
SD	0.279	0.294	0.116
SPAD	0.313	-0.036	-0.290
RDW/SDW	-0.186	-0.383	-0.038
RFW/SFW	-0.151	-0.102	0.420
SD/PH	0.081	0.405	0.149
SDW/SD	0.330	0.231	-0.080
SDW/PH	0.223	0.365	0.057
PDW/SPAD	0.062	0.306	0.328
PFW/SPAD	0.062	0.242	0.386
RDW/MRL	0.040	0.116	0.447