Abstract:

The study aims to screen wheat varieties with high N and P utilization efficiency, and provide reference for high efficiency wheat breeding and high efficiency fertilizer cultivation technology. Three treatments were set up: control treatment (CK), low nitrogen treatment (LN) and low phosphorus treatment (LP). Nutrient utilization efficiency was calculated according to the grain yield of wheat at maturity stage and the formula of nutrient utilization efficiency identification for improved wheat varieties. NUI(Nitrogen Use Index)≥1.300 and PUI(Phosphorus Use Index)≥1.100 were considered to be high nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient efficient materials. 20 materials with high nitrogen utilization efficiency were screened, which were ‘Zimai 28’, ‘Linmai 4’, ‘Taishan 27, ‘Liangxing 66, ‘Yannong 999, ‘Shannong 23, ‘Shannong 29, ‘Shannong 30, ‘Xinmai 296, ‘Yannong 21’, ‘Liangxing 517’, ‘AN01’, ‘Yannong 173’, ‘Yan 1212’, ‘Shiluan 02-1’, ‘Taikemai 34’, ‘Taishan 28’, ‘Taitianmai 118’, ‘Yan 181’ and ‘Shannong 25’. 15 materials with high phosphorus utilization efficiency were screened, which were ‘Zimai 28’, ‘Shannong 23’, ‘Shannong 29’, ‘Shannong 30’, ‘Shannong 20’, ‘Yutianmai119’, ‘Liangxing 517’, ‘Shannong 111’, ‘AN01’, ‘Yannong 19’, ‘Yan 1212’, ‘Taikemai 34’, ‘Liangxing 99’, ‘Shannong 25’ and ‘Yutianmai 118’. 9 materials with high nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency were screened, which were ‘Zimai 28’, ‘Shannong 23’, ‘Shannong 29’, ‘Shannong 30’, ‘Liangxing 517’, ‘AN01’, ‘Yan 1212’, ‘Taikemai 34’ and ‘Taitianmai 118’ respectively. Based on the calculation of nutrient utilization efficiency, the resource-efficient varieties (lines) and germplasm were selected to provide theoretical reference for the breeding of resource-efficient varieties of wheat.

Key words: wheat, mature period, N, P, utilization efficiency