Safety Assessment of Heavy Metals in Specific Crops of Strictly Controlled Farmland

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0209

Abstract

Abstract:

Strictly controlled farmland refers to the cultivated land with heavy metals’ contents (cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead and chromium) exceeding the risk control standard specified by Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Risk Control Standards (GB15618-2018). This article evaluated the safety of planting edible crops in strictly controlled farmland, aiming to provide reference for cultivation structure adjustment in strictly controlled farmland, as well as the safe use of contaminated farmland. Present research indicates that the heavy metals in the seeds easily exceed the standards when oil crops, such as rape, peanut, sesame and sunflower, are cultivated in strictly controlled farmland, while heavy metals’ (such as As and Pb) contents in vegetable oil are lower than the safety limits, and the oil is safe for diet. But for Camellia oleifera seed oil, the excessive rate of heavy metals is relatively high, so it is necessary to further evaluate the heavy metals’ accumulation characteristics of Camellia oleifera varieties, and the safety of Camellia oleifera seed oil. Seed meals could be used as animal feeds and organic fertilizers after the removal of heavy metals, which could maximize the utilization of resources. Nevertheless, there is a risk of excessive heavy metals in maize silage cultivated in strictly controlled farmland, while the risk in maize grains is relatively low, and the low heavy metal accumulation maize varieties could be further screened to achieve the purpose of safe production of grains. The safety of heavy metals in tea should be further studied in strictly controlled farmland. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the standard system of heavy metal safety limits of edible crops, strengthen the research and development of straw treatment and resource utilization technologies, and establish an ecological compensation mechanism of specific crop straw recycling in strictly controlled farmland.

Key words: strictly controlled farmland, heavy metals, food safety, oil crops, maize, tea tree

CLC Number:

ZHANG Huimin, BAO Guangling, ZHOU Xiaotian, GAO Linlin, HU Hongxiang, MA Youhua. Safety Assessment of Heavy Metals in Specific Crops of Strictly Controlled Farmland[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(3): 52-58.

Figures/Tables 1

References 50

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作物种类		铅Pb	镉Cd	砷As	汞Hg	铬Cr	参考文献
油菜	籽粒	1.9±0.3^h	0.9±0.1f^g	2.35±0.28	0.11±0.04	—	[3-4]
	籽粒油	0.03±1 E-3^c	0.01±0.002^b	ND	ND	—
	饼粕	2.43±0.19^b	0.95±0.04^b	4.34±0.98	0.21±0.09	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	292.92	1.46	—
花生	籽粒	3.5±1.5^h	3.5±1.0f^g	2.45±0.52	0.14±0.02	—
	籽粒油	0.04±0.004^b	0.05±0.002^a	ND	ND	—
	饼粕	0.54±0.03^c	1.02±.006^b	3.15±0.87	0.26±0.04	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	292.92	1.46	—
芝麻	籽粒	6.9±1.1g^h	0.3±0.1^g	—	—	—	[3]
	籽粒油	0.04±0.002^b	0.011±1 E-3^b	—	—	—
	饼粕	13.83±0.73^a	0.44±0.07^c	—	—	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	—	—	—
向日葵	籽粒	0.5±0.1^h	2.3±0.2f^g	—	—	—
	籽粒油	0.07±0.002^a	ND	—	—	—
	饼粕	0.71±0.04^c	3.97±0.16^a	—	—	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	—	—	—
大豆	籽粒	4.89	0.707±0.564	0.059±0.026	—	0.31±0.23	[23-24]
	籽粒油	0.015	—	—	—	—
	饼粕	1500	21	—	—	—

作物种类		铅Pb	镉Cd	砷As	汞Hg	铬Cr	参考文献
油菜	籽粒	1.9±0.3^h	0.9±0.1f^g	2.35±0.28	0.11±0.04	—	[3-4]
	籽粒油	0.03±1 E-3^c	0.01±0.002^b	ND	ND	—
	饼粕	2.43±0.19^b	0.95±0.04^b	4.34±0.98	0.21±0.09	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	292.92	1.46	—
花生	籽粒	3.5±1.5^h	3.5±1.0f^g	2.45±0.52	0.14±0.02	—
	籽粒油	0.04±0.004^b	0.05±0.002^a	ND	ND	—
	饼粕	0.54±0.03^c	1.02±.006^b	3.15±0.87	0.26±0.04	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	292.92	1.46	—
芝麻	籽粒	6.9±1.1g^h	0.3±0.1^g	—	—	—	[3]
	籽粒油	0.04±0.002^b	0.011±1 E-3^b	—	—	—
	饼粕	13.83±0.73^a	0.44±0.07^c	—	—	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	—	—	—
向日葵	籽粒	0.5±0.1^h	2.3±0.2f^g	—	—	—
	籽粒油	0.07±0.002^a	ND	—	—	—
	饼粕	0.71±0.04^c	3.97±0.16^a	—	—	—
	土壤	699±124	10.3±0.5	—	—	—
大豆	籽粒	4.89	0.707±0.564	0.059±0.026	—	0.31±0.23	[23-24]
	籽粒油	0.015	—	—	—	—
	饼粕	1500	21	—	—	—