Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Topdressing Rates on SPAD Value and Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution of Upland Cotton in Southern Xinjiang

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0083

Abstract

Abstract:

To figure out the effect of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing rate on the SPAD value and dry matter accumulation and distribution of upland cotton, we selected local main cultivar ‘Ba 43541’ as the material and set 4 nitrogen fertilizer topdressing levels (no nitrogen topdressing N0, 50% reduction of conventional nitrogen topdressing N1, conventional nitrogen topdressing N2, and 50% increase of conventional nitrogen topdressing N3). Leaf SPAD value, dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield and nitrogen utilization of cotton under the 4 treatments were measured. The results showed that 50% reduction of conventional nitrogen topdressing could increase the SPAD value and SPAD accumulation value of upland cotton in every growth period, the dry matter conversion ratio of reproductive organs reached the highest of 60.53%, the yield was 6581.32 kg/hm² and increased by 1.4%-16.5% compared with that of other treatments. The partial factor productivity and the agronomic use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer were also significantly higher than those of other treatments. Although 50% reduction of conventional nitrogen topdressing did not significantly increase the cotton yield, it could significantly increase the partial factor productivity and the agronomic use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, and should be recommended in production practice.

Key words: nitrogen fertilizer topdressing, upland cotton, SPAD, dry matter accumulation and distribution

DU Shanshan, LUO Jing, YAO Qingqing, SUN Huijian, HE Zhongsheng, WANG Dongli. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Topdressing Rates on SPAD Value and Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution of Upland Cotton in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(4): 1-6.

Figures/Tables 6

References 29

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施氮处理	追氮总量/(kg/hm²)	氮肥施用量/(kg/hm²)
施氮处理	追氮总量/(kg/hm²)	06-25	07-02	07-09	07-16	07-23	07-31	08-7	08-15
N0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
N1	244.57	12.23	24.46	34.24	48.91	48.91	31.79	24.46	19.57
N2	489.13	24.46	48.91	68.48	97.83	97.83	63.59	48.91	39.13
N3	733.70	36.68	73.37	102.72	146.74	146.74	95.38	73.37	58.70
追施比例/%		5	10	14	20	20	13	10	8

施氮处理	追氮总量/(kg/hm²)	氮肥施用量/(kg/hm²)
施氮处理	追氮总量/(kg/hm²)	06-25	07-02	07-09	07-16	07-23	07-31	08-7	08-15
N0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
N1	244.57	12.23	24.46	34.24	48.91	48.91	31.79	24.46	19.57
N2	489.13	24.46	48.91	68.48	97.83	97.83	63.59	48.91	39.13
N3	733.70	36.68	73.37	102.72	146.74	146.74	95.38	73.37	58.70
追施比例/%		5	10	14	20	20	13	10	8

生育期	处理	叶片	茎秆	生殖器官	地上干物质量
初花期	N0	18.23±0.75ab	17.13±0.98b	1.12±0.4a	36.47±1.23b
	N1	17.99±1.35b	17.78±1.11b	1.91±0.39a	37.67±2.61ab
	N2	19.08±1.16ab	19.49±0.48ab	1.14±0.21a	39.71±1.68ab
	N3	20.91±2.07a	20.99±2.12a	1.44±0.91a	43.33±4.84a
盛花期	N0	23.02±3.16b	23.76±1.51b	3.60±0.77a	50.37±5.35b
	N1	29.82±1.34ab	32.44±2.26a	6.33±0.69a	68.60±4.13ab
	N2	29.75±6.53ab	33.99±6.85a	6.24±3.00a	69.98±16.34ab
	N3	33.49±5.16a	38.68±5.49a	6.77±1.66a	78.94±11.92a
花铃期	N0	26.11±1.66b	33.34±1.91c	7.42±2.48b	66.87±1.94c
	N1	31.26±3.09ab	40.09±4.78bc	13.44±2.38ab	84.78±8.60bc
	N2	38.81±5.26a	51.01±4.71ab	17.15±6.25a	106.97±13.24ab
	N3	39.24±6.78a	54.83±12.3a	18.16±3.73a	112.23±22.7a
盛铃期	N0	26.12±2.16c	34.53±3.43c	31.44±10.28b	92.08±15.01c
	N1	35.42±1.48b	46.19±6.00b	48.2±16.41ab	129.81±23.82b
	N2	43.20±3.31a	56.08±2.51a	56.69±3.98a	155.97±9.75ab
	N3	46.37±3.10a	60.09±4.26a	63.83±9.97a	170.28±9.19a
吐絮期	N0	21.04±2.97a	34.98±0.71b	74.82±7.07b	130.83±10.00b
	N1	24.18±7.00a	52.21±4.00a	116.82±11.89ab	193.21±21.55ab
	N2	31.51±14.61a	58.3±11.58a	116.28±35.21ab	206.09±60.62ab
	N3	36.81±5.20a	60.18±13.32a	132.84±28.58a	229.83±46.56a

生育期	处理	叶片	茎秆	生殖器官	地上干物质量
初花期	N0	18.23±0.75ab	17.13±0.98b	1.12±0.4a	36.47±1.23b
	N1	17.99±1.35b	17.78±1.11b	1.91±0.39a	37.67±2.61ab
	N2	19.08±1.16ab	19.49±0.48ab	1.14±0.21a	39.71±1.68ab
	N3	20.91±2.07a	20.99±2.12a	1.44±0.91a	43.33±4.84a
盛花期	N0	23.02±3.16b	23.76±1.51b	3.60±0.77a	50.37±5.35b
	N1	29.82±1.34ab	32.44±2.26a	6.33±0.69a	68.60±4.13ab
	N2	29.75±6.53ab	33.99±6.85a	6.24±3.00a	69.98±16.34ab
	N3	33.49±5.16a	38.68±5.49a	6.77±1.66a	78.94±11.92a
花铃期	N0	26.11±1.66b	33.34±1.91c	7.42±2.48b	66.87±1.94c
	N1	31.26±3.09ab	40.09±4.78bc	13.44±2.38ab	84.78±8.60bc
	N2	38.81±5.26a	51.01±4.71ab	17.15±6.25a	106.97±13.24ab
	N3	39.24±6.78a	54.83±12.3a	18.16±3.73a	112.23±22.7a
盛铃期	N0	26.12±2.16c	34.53±3.43c	31.44±10.28b	92.08±15.01c
	N1	35.42±1.48b	46.19±6.00b	48.2±16.41ab	129.81±23.82b
	N2	43.20±3.31a	56.08±2.51a	56.69±3.98a	155.97±9.75ab
	N3	46.37±3.10a	60.09±4.26a	63.83±9.97a	170.28±9.19a
吐絮期	N0	21.04±2.97a	34.98±0.71b	74.82±7.07b	130.83±10.00b
	N1	24.18±7.00a	52.21±4.00a	116.82±11.89ab	193.21±21.55ab
	N2	31.51±14.61a	58.3±11.58a	116.28±35.21ab	206.09±60.62ab
	N3	36.81±5.20a	60.18±13.32a	132.84±28.58a	229.83±46.56a

施氮处理	总结铃数/ (×10⁴个/hm²)	单铃重/ g	衣分/ %	籽棉产量/ (kg/hm²)	皮棉产量/ (kg/hm²)	氮肥偏生产力/ (kg/kg)	氮肥农学效率/ (kg/kg)
N0	94.13a	6.60a	40.75a	6216.21a	2533.11a
N1	99.23a	6.64a	41.02a	6581.32a	2699.66a	58.50a	3.24a
N2	98.28a	6.60a	40.92a	6491.54a	2656.50a	28.85b	1.23ab
N3	85.99a	6.57a	41.04a	5649.39a	2318.51a	16.74c	-1.68b