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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (29): 79-85.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0916

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Characteristics of Climate Change and Its Effects on Cotton Growth Period and Yield in Qiemo

HU Qirui1(), WANG Xuejiao1, JI Chunrong1,2, YANG Mingfeng3(), HUANG Qiuxia4, WANG Xiaojun2   

  1. 1 Xinjiang Agro-meteorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002
    2 Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorology Administration, Urumqi 830002
    3 Wulanwusu Agro-meteorological station, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000
    4 Changji Meteorological Bureau, Changji, Xinjiang 831100
  • Received:2022-11-02 Revised:2023-01-20 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-10-11

Abstract:

To explore the characteristics of climate change and its influence on development period and yield of cotton, based on the data of temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours of Qiemo national benchmark climate station from 1961 to 2021, and combined with the data of development period and yield of cotton, the authors analyzed the characteristics of climate change and its impact on cotton development period and yield by using linear trend method and climate trend rate. The results showed that: 1961 to 2021, the average temperature, average maximum temperature, average minimum temperature and 5 cm average ground temperature in the growing season of Qiemo County showed linear upward trends; the precipitation and the ≥10℃ accumulated temperatures showed slight increase trends, sunshine hours showed a decreasing trend; the maximum temperature and high temperature duration days from July to August showed significant upward trends. The first frost date was postponed, the last frost date was advanced, and the number of frost-free days increased significantly. There was a negative correlation between air temperature and ground temperature from seedling stage to flowering stage, and a positive correlation between air temperature and ground temperature from boll opening stage to harvest stage. The number of cotton bolls was positively correlated with the average minimum temperature and ≥10°C accumulated temperature. The cotton yield was positively correlated with air temperature, sunshine hours and 5 cm ground temperature. Under the climate change, the sowing to flowering period of cotton in Qiemo County was advanced, the mature stage was delayed, and the whole growth period was prolonged. The increase of heat resources in the growing season of cotton was generally conducive to the improvement of cotton yield and quality, but we should pay attention to the adverse effects of high temperature in summer on the development of cotton bolls in Qiemo County.

Key words: climate change, development period, yield, cotton