Salt Tolerance Physiology and Anatomical Structure of Fraxinus velutina

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0063

Abstract

Abstract:

To select salt-tolerant varieties of Fraxinus velutina, in this study, biennial new varieties of F. velutina with the same growth potential, ‘Jinjian’, ‘Huaxiong’,‘Yanla’ and ‘Lula 3’, were used as the research objects, and a 28-day salt stress test was conducted with 9 ‰ NaCl solution. The physiological indicators were measured, the salt-tolerant varieties and salt-sensitive varieties of F. velutina were selected by the membership function method, and the anatomical structure was observed in slices, which could provide a basis for the selection and utilization of salt-tolerant tree species. After 28 days of salt stress treatment, the comprehensive analysis of the measured values of physiological indicators showed that the salt tolerance of the 4 varieties ranked as: ‘Yanla’ >‘Lula 3’ > ‘Jinjian’> ‘Huaxiong’. Salt-sensitive variety ‘Huaxiong’ and salt-tolerant variety ‘Yanla’ were selected to observe and measure the anatomical structure, showing that leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, stratum corneum thickness, and xylem thickness of the two varieties increased significantly after salt stress. The thickness of leaf, palisade tissue, spongy tissue, and xylem to phloem ratio of ‘Yanla’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Huaxiong’; and the stem cortex thickness of ‘Yanla’ was significantly higher than that of the control. After the treatment, the thickness of the phloem was significantly reduced, and the thickness of the xylem and the largest vessel diameter of ‘Yanla’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Huaxiong’. The pith diameter of the two varieties both increased significantly, and the pith area increased accordingly. After the salt stress, the periderm thickness of roots of the two varieties increased significantly, while the cortex thickness of ‘Huaxiong’ increased significantly, and was significantly higher than that of ‘Yanla’. The ratio of stem diameter/root diameter of ‘Huaxiong’ decreased significantly, indicating that its resistance to salt was poor. In summary, anatomical structure research can be used instead of physiological research to explore the salt-tolerant mechanism of tree species such as F. velutina.

Key words: salt stress, Fraxinus velutina, different varieties, physiological characteristics, anatomical structure

YAN Liping, WU Dejun, WANG Yinhua, GAO Chengcheng, REN Fei, LIU Cuilan. Salt Tolerance Physiology and Anatomical Structure of Fraxinus velutina[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(2): 16-24.

Figures/Tables 15

References 22

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品种	叶片胁迫症状
品种	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d	34 d
‘金箭’	生长正常	生长正常	生长正常	少数叶片变黄	部分叶片变黄、脱落
‘华雄’	生长正常	生长正常	少数叶片叶尖变黄干枯	发黄叶片增多，部分叶片脱落	多数叶片变黄，大量脱落
‘鲁蜡3号’	生长正常	生长正常	生长正常	极少数底部叶片变黄	少数底部叶片变黄
‘盐蜡’	生长正常	生长正常	生长正常	极少数底部叶片变黄	少数底部叶片变黄

品种	叶片胁迫症状
品种	7 d	14 d	21 d	28 d	34 d
‘金箭’	生长正常	生长正常	生长正常	少数叶片变黄	部分叶片变黄、脱落
‘华雄’	生长正常	生长正常	少数叶片叶尖变黄干枯	发黄叶片增多，部分叶片脱落	多数叶片变黄，大量脱落
‘鲁蜡3号’	生长正常	生长正常	生长正常	极少数底部叶片变黄	少数底部叶片变黄
‘盐蜡’	生长正常	生长正常	生长正常	极少数底部叶片变黄	少数底部叶片变黄

品种	处理前		处理14 d		处理28 d
品种	电导值ms/cm	含盐量‰	电导值ms/cm	含盐量‰	电导值ms/cm	含盐量‰
‘金箭’	0.213	0.57 a	1.462	4.17 a	1.672	4.77 a
‘华雄’	0.254	0.69 a	1.305	3.72 a	1.470	4.19 a
‘鲁蜡3号’	0.228	0.61 a	1.326	3.78 a	1.633	4.66 a
‘盐蜡’	0.196	0.52 a	1.187	3.38 a	1.492	4.26 a

品种	处理前		处理14 d		处理28 d
品种	电导值ms/cm	含盐量‰	电导值ms/cm	含盐量‰	电导值ms/cm	含盐量‰
‘金箭’	0.213	0.57 a	1.462	4.17 a	1.672	4.77 a
‘华雄’	0.254	0.69 a	1.305	3.72 a	1.470	4.19 a
‘鲁蜡3号’	0.228	0.61 a	1.326	3.78 a	1.633	4.66 a
‘盐蜡’	0.196	0.52 a	1.187	3.38 a	1.492	4.26 a

品种	金箭	华雄	鲁蜡3号	盐蜡
株高增长量	0.20	0	0.40	1
地径增长量	0.30	0	0.69	1
相对电导率	0.53	0.14	1	0
SOD	1	0.70	0	0.68
叶绿素荧光	0.65	0.42	1	0
CAT	0.78	0.34	0	1
可溶性蛋白	0	0.39	0.66	1
平均值	0.49	0.28	0.54	0.67
综合耐盐能力排序	3	4	2	1