Abstract:

In this study, lettuce was used as experimental material, the effects of different phosphorus application rates on yield, quality, soil available phosphorus content and agronomic efficiency of vegetable fields with high, middle and low phosphorus levels were studied by using the method of plot experiment. The results showed that the yield of lettuce of high phosphorus vegetable fields was the highest when the phosphorus application rate (P₂O₅) was 36.54 kg/hm². When 54.91 kg/hm² phosphorus (P₂O₅) was applied on medium phosphorus vegetable field, the yield of lettuce was the highest, the content of nitrate was lower, the content of vitamin C increased, and the content of soil available P was significantly increased. When 91.35 kg/hm² phosphorus (P₂O₅) was applied on low phosphorus vegetable field, the yield of lettuce was the highest and the content of nitrate was decreased. The agronomic efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer decreased with the increase of soil phosphorus content and phosphorus application amount. Therefore, applying no phosphate fertilizer or little phosphate fertilizer on high phosphorus vegetable fields, combining medium phosphorus vegetable fields with medium phosphate fertilizer, and low phosphorus vegetable fields with high phosphate fertilizer were effective measures to improve the yield, quality and agronomic efficiency of nodular lettuce.

Key words: phosphorus, facilities for vegetable fields, lettuce, yield, quality