Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Spring Tomato Growth and Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in Greenhouse of Northern Weihe River Basin

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0641

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the suitable nitrogen and irrigation application rate on early-spring facility tomato in northern Weihe river basin of Shaanxi, the experiment used ‘Jinpeng No.10’ tomato as test plant, taking local usual N fertilizer amount (450 kg·N/hm²) and irrigation amount (3000 m³/hm²) as the control (C₁T₁). Six treatments were designed by different nitrogen rates (C₁-conventional treatment, C₂-reduction 20%, C₃-reduction 40%) and irrigation rates (T₁-conventional treatment, T₂-reduction 30%). Fertilizers were applied by water-fertilizer integration at different tomato growth stages. Tomato yield, quality and soil nitrate nitrogen were recorded and analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the tomato yield between nitrogen-water reduction treatments and conventional treatment. However, the average yield of C₃ level was significantly lower than conventional and C₂ treatment when N application rate was the main analysis factor. Except for protein content, other tomato quality indexes were no significant differences. The membership function method showed that the quality results ranking of C₂T₂ was the best. Soil nitrate-N accumulation in 0-200 cm underground decreased with the decrease of N application rate, while increased with the decrease of irrigation amount. The total nitrate-N amounts of different treatments ranged from 1028.38 to 1302.80 kg/hm², accumulation of soil layer within 100 cm accounted for 59.9%-69.5% of the total nitrate-N amounts. From the balance of irrigation, fertilizer input and yield output, C₁T₂, C₂T₁ is basically the same as the control, C₂T₂ increases the benefit by 2050 yuan/hm².

Key words: greenhouse, tomato, nitrogen reduction, water-saving, soil nitrate nitrogen

MENG Yan, YANG Haiyan, ZHANG Fei, LEI Xiaoying, ZHAO Yinping, SUN Liping, LIU Tao, ZHAO Zengshou. Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Spring Tomato Growth and Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in Greenhouse of Northern Weihe River Basin[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(22): 103-109.

Figures/Tables 9

References 26

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水平	定植期	开花期	坐果期		盛果期
水平	定植期	开花期	N	K₂O	N	K₂O
C₁	N 45	复合肥150	90	72	90	90
C₂	N 36	复合肥150	72	72	72	90
C₃	N 27	复合肥150	54	72	54	90

水平	定植期	开花期	坐果期		盛果期
水平	定植期	开花期	N	K₂O	N	K₂O
C₁	N 45	复合肥150	90	72	90	90
C₂	N 36	复合肥150	72	72	72	90
C₃	N 27	复合肥150	54	72	54	90

水平	定植期	缓苗期	开花坐果期	成熟期
T₁	180	120	150	150
T₂	180	84	105	105

水平	定植期	缓苗期	开花坐果期	成熟期
T₁	180	120	150	150
T₂	180	84	105	105

因素	水平	产量/(kg/hm²)
施氮量	C₁	104650.51 a
	C₂	104978.80 a
	C₃	101825.44 b
灌水量	T₁	104107.09 A
灌水量	T₂	103529.42 A