Abstract:

To solve the problem of Euryale ferox pericarp residues and achieve resource recycling of agricultural solid waste, this study used Euryale ferox pericarp residues as the main raw material, plant ash and straw were common additives, while rapeseed meal and mushroom residue were selective additives. The changes of different physicochemical parameters under the selective additives of rapeseed meal and mushroom residue were explored, and the effects of different compost products on the growth of Chinese cabbage were evaluated in a pot experiment. Aerobic composting experiments showed that the addition of rapeseed meal resulted in a better composting effect, and the maximum fermentation temperature of the pile could reach 65℃, and the EC increased significantly. Meanwhile, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus nutrient content increased significantly and were higher than those of other composting treatments. The pot experiment showed that the application of rapeseed meal compost (F1) resulted in the highest plant height for Chinese cabbage. The biomass of the F1 treatment showed a significant advantage, the above-ground fresh weight of F1 was 28.75%, 5.93%, 18.53% and 121.86% higher than F2 (apply the compost that with added mushroom residue), F3 (apply the compost that without added selective additives), F4 (apply the commercial cow manure organic fertilizer), and CK (unfertilized control), respectively. The above-ground dry weight of F1 was 36.13%, 14.65%, 11.94% and 87.74% higher than F2, F3, F4 and CK, respectively. The underground dry and fresh weights of F1 were the highest, and there were significant differences with F2, F3, and CK, but there was no significant difference with F4 treatment. In summary, adding rapeseed meal to compost Euryale ferox pericarp residues could result in a good composting process, and the compost product applied to Chinese cabbage can achieve the same or even better effect than commercial cow manure organic fertilizer. This research provides valuable theoretical and technical support for the cyclic utilization of Euryale ferox pericarp residues.

Key words: Euryale ferox pericarp residues, rapeseed meal, mushroom residue, aerobic compost, Chinese cabbage