Effect of Combining Controlled-release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Urea on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Spring Maize in Eastern Sichuan

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0650

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of combining controlled-release nitrogen (CRN) fertilizer on nitrogen absorption and utilization in spring maize, and to provide scientific evidence and technical guidance for optimizing fertilization strategies to achieve high yield and efficient nitrogen utilization in spring maize cultivation in eastern Sichuan. A field experiment was conducted to assess the changes in yield, nitrogen absorption, and nitrogen utilization under seven nitrogen management treatments. The treatments included no nitrogen application (CK), conventional nitrogen application (ON) and CRN fertilizer applied at 0% (NR0), 25% (NR25), 50% (NR50), 75% (NR75) and 100% (NR100) of the conventional nitrogen rate, with a 25% reduction in total nitrogen input in eastern Sichuan. The results showed that CRN fertilizer significantly enhanced both dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in maize. At the tasseling and silking stage, with the increase of the proportion of CRN fertilizer, the rates of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation initially promoted, then reduced. After the filling stage, a CRN proportion of ≥50% was most effective for both dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, with NR50 showing the highest values. CRN fertilizer also promoted the redistribution of nitrogen from vegetative organs to grains. However, as the proportion of CRN fertilizer increased, the contribution of nitrogen from vegetative organs to grains decreased. Furthermore, CRN fertilizer improved the yield factor composition and maize yield, with NR50 showing the most significant increase. Agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity of CRN fertilizer were higher than those of conventional nitrogen application. NUE of NR50, NR75 and NR100 was greater than that of ON. In conclusion, a 25% reduction in total nitrogen application, combined with 50% CRN fertilizer and 50% urea, was the optimal fertilization strategy for improving nitrogen absorption, enhancing dry matter and nitrogen accumulation, and increasing both yield and nitrogen use efficiency in spring maize in eastern Sichuan.

Key words: maize, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, urea, nitrogen absorption, nitrogen use efficiency

ZHANG Yuyu, WANG Xiangning, ZENG Xuejiao, GUAN Jie, ZHANG Yi, LI Bing, CAI Yan. Effect of Combining Controlled-release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Urea on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Spring Maize in Eastern Sichuan[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(8): 25-30.

Figures/Tables 7

References 23

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编号	处理	施肥量 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)(kg/hm²)	肥料用量/(kg/hm²)
编号	处理	施肥量 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)(kg/hm²)	控释肥(26-12-13)	尿素(N 46.4%)	过磷酸钙(P₂O₅ 12%)	硫酸钾(K₂O 52%)
CK	不施氮肥	0-80-97.5	0	0	750.0	22.5
ON	习惯施肥	260-80-97.5	0	560.4	750.0	187.5
NR0	100%尿素	195-80-97.5	0	420.3	750.0	187.5
NR25	25%控释氮肥+75%尿素	195-80-97.5	187.5	315.2	562.5	140.7
NR50	50%控释氮肥+50%尿素	195-80-97.5	375.0	210.0	375.0	93.8
NR75	75%控释氮肥+25%尿素	195-80-97.5	562.5	105.0	187.5	47.0
NR100	100%控释氮肥	195-80-97.5	750.0	0	0	0

编号	处理	施肥量 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)(kg/hm²)	肥料用量/(kg/hm²)
编号	处理	施肥量 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O)(kg/hm²)	控释肥(26-12-13)	尿素(N 46.4%)	过磷酸钙(P₂O₅ 12%)	硫酸钾(K₂O 52%)
CK	不施氮肥	0-80-97.5	0	0	750.0	22.5
ON	习惯施肥	260-80-97.5	0	560.4	750.0	187.5
NR0	100%尿素	195-80-97.5	0	420.3	750.0	187.5
NR25	25%控释氮肥+75%尿素	195-80-97.5	187.5	315.2	562.5	140.7
NR50	50%控释氮肥+50%尿素	195-80-97.5	375.0	210.0	375.0	93.8
NR75	75%控释氮肥+25%尿素	195-80-97.5	562.5	105.0	187.5	47.0
NR100	100%控释氮肥	195-80-97.5	750.0	0	0	0

生长发育时期	测定部位
苗期	叶、茎、根
拔节期	叶、茎、鞘、根
抽雄吐丝期	叶、茎、鞘、穗、根
灌浆期	叶、茎、鞘、穗、根
成熟期	叶、茎、鞘、穗、根

生长发育时期	测定部位
苗期	叶、茎、根
拔节期	叶、茎、鞘、根
抽雄吐丝期	叶、茎、鞘、穗、根
灌浆期	叶、茎、鞘、穗、根
成熟期	叶、茎、鞘、穗、根

指标	CK	ON	NR0	NR25	NR50	NR75	NR100
运转量/(kg/hm²)	4.3	12.1	14.8	13.0	13.7	13.8	12.4
运转速率/%	20.9	27.6	38.4	35.2	28.6	34.9	32.5
对籽粒的贡献/%	8.7	12.2	16.8	14.9	12.7	14.2	13.2