Effects of Fertilization on Pond Water Quality, Plankton Population Structure and the Growth Performance of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0370

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of fertilization on pond water quality, plankton population structure, and the growth performance of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis, H. molitrix and A. nobilis were used as experimental subjects. Four fish fertilizers with different compositions were applied in ponds, namely compound fertilizer (C₁), compound fertilizer (C₂), organic fertilizer (C₃) and inorganic fertilizer (C₄). The effects of four fish fertilizers were explored by measuring the physicochemical indicators of pond water, quantitatively analyzing plankton, and measuring growth performance of H. molitrix and A. nobilis. The results showed that the dissolved oxygen content of C₂ ponds was significantly higher than C₄ ponds (P<0.05), the nitrite content of C₁ and C₂ ponds were significantly lower than C₄ ponds (P<0.05), and the total hardness of C₁ and C₂ ponds was significantly higher than C₃ and C₄ ponds (P<0.05). On the 8^th day of fertilization, the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton of C₁ and C₂ ponds was significantly higher than C₃ and C₄ ponds (P<0.05), the biomass of phytoplankton of C₃ ponds was significantly lower than C₄ ponds (P<0.05). On the 10^th day of fertilization, the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton of C₁ and C₂ ponds were significantly higher than C₃and C₄ ponds (P<0.05), and the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton of C₃ ponds was significantly higher than C₄ ponds (P<0.05). The growth results showed that the weight gain rate of H. molitrix and A. nobilis of C₁and C₂ ponds were significantly higher than C₃ and C₄ ponds (P<0.05). The fullness of H. molitrix of C₁ and C₂ ponds were significantly higher than C₃and C₄ ponds (P<0.05), the fullness of A. nobilis of C₁ ponds were significantly higher than C₂, C₃ and C₄ ponds (P<0.05). In conclusion, compound fertilizer build a positive material cycle from plankton to fish by continuously releasing nutrients, which can maintain stable water quality and improve fish growth performance. The effect of compound fertilizer is better than the single inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Under the condition of maintaining the best water quality, the ratio of compound fertilizer of C₂ is the best.

Key words: fertilize, pond water quality, plankton, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis, growth performance

LYU Fengshuo, CHEN Ming, DONG Xiaoqing, KONG Yuxin, NIU Xiaotian, CHEN Xiumei, WANG Guiqin. Effects of Fertilization on Pond Water Quality, Plankton Population Structure and the Growth Performance of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(28): 146-154.

Figures/Tables 12

References 18

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分组	渔肥组成及比例
C₁（试验组）	发酵牛粪:无机肥:水质改良剂=75:6.1:18.9
C₂（试验组）	发酵牛粪:无机肥:水质改良剂=78:2.8:19.2
C₃（试验组）	牛粪:米糠:玉米粉=14:3:3（有机肥）
C₄（对照组）	氮:磷:钾=1:1:0.5（无机肥）

分组	渔肥组成及比例
C₁（试验组）	发酵牛粪:无机肥:水质改良剂=75:6.1:18.9
C₂（试验组）	发酵牛粪:无机肥:水质改良剂=78:2.8:19.2
C₃（试验组）	牛粪:米糠:玉米粉=14:3:3（有机肥）
C₄（对照组）	氮:磷:钾=1:1:0.5（无机肥）

分组	溶解氧	氨氮	磷酸盐	亚硝酸盐	总硬度	总碱度	浊度
C₁	7.54±0.27ab	0.082±0.065	0.096±0.138	0.018±0.011a	38.8±1.3b	82.8±14.6	31.6±7.6
C₂	7.74±0.51b	0.064±0.040	0.126±0.114	0.016±0.005a	38.2±3.3b	100.8±36.8	33.6±9.3
C₃	7.29±0.32ab	0.090±0.089	0.119±0.148	0.033±0.009ab	32.2±3.4a	93.0±10.7	29.6±6.7
C₄	7.21±0.24a	0.068±0.016	0.338±0.383	0.038±0.019b	33.4±2.4a	96.4±9.4	35.0±6.3

分组	溶解氧	氨氮	磷酸盐	亚硝酸盐	总硬度	总碱度	浊度
C₁	7.54±0.27ab	0.082±0.065	0.096±0.138	0.018±0.011a	38.8±1.3b	82.8±14.6	31.6±7.6
C₂	7.74±0.51b	0.064±0.040	0.126±0.114	0.016±0.005a	38.2±3.3b	100.8±36.8	33.6±9.3
C₃	7.29±0.32ab	0.090±0.089	0.119±0.148	0.033±0.009ab	32.2±3.4a	93.0±10.7	29.6±6.7
C₄	7.21±0.24a	0.068±0.016	0.338±0.383	0.038±0.019b	33.4±2.4a	96.4±9.4	35.0±6.3

分组	绿藻门	蓝藻门	硅藻门	隐藻门	甲藻门
C₁	61.9	17.3	20.5	0.2	0.1
C₂	80.4	8.9	9.7	0.1	0.8
C₃	50.7	29.0	19.6	0.4	0.3
C₄	56.6	27.0	15.4	0.5	0.4