Effect of Kitchen Waste Compost on Soil Enzyme Activity and Physiological Characteristics of Maize and Peanut Interplanting

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0392

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim is to clarify the synergistic effect of kitchen waste composting and intercropping systems. In this experiment, the kitchen waste from the public canteen of Inner Mongolia Minzu University was used as the test material. EM bacteria (EM), saline-alkali soil (TR), and the cellulose-decomposing bacterial strain (JX) selected from the microbiology laboratory of Inner Mongolia Minzu University were inoculated for composting respectively, and then were buried in the saline-alkali soil. Corn and peanut intercropping pot experiments were conducted with saline-alkali soil (CK) as the control. The results showed that under monoculture conditions, EM and JX increased the activities of alkaline phosphatase and cellulase in monoculture corn soil, respectively, and both increased the activity of catalase in corn soil; JX increased the root activity of corn. TR and JX increased the activity of cellulase in monoculture peanut soil, increased the activity of SOD in peanut roots, and reduced the MDA content in peanut leaves. Under intercropping conditions, EM increased the soil sucrase and urease activities, while JX increased the soil urease activity. JX also increased the POD activity and MDA content in corn leaves. Both EM and JX increased the SOD activity in peanut roots under intercropping. Compared with monoculture, intercropping with EM increased the soil sucrase activity in corn, and intercropping with JX increased the POD activity in corn leaves and roots, as well as the SOD and POD activities in peanut roots. Intercropping of corn and peanut increased the SOD activity in peanut roots and the POD activity in corn roots. Overall analysis showed that intercropping of corn and peanut increased the antioxidant enzyme activities in crop roots. EM kitchen waste compost can activate soil enzyme activity, improve crop physiological characteristics, and synergistically improve the productivity of intercropping system in saline-alkali land, providing technical support for saline-alkali land improvement and organic waste resource utilization. Whether in monoculture or intercropping conditions, inoculation with cellulose-decomposing bacteria from kitchen waste compost had a positive effect on soil enzyme activities and the physiological activities of corn and peanut.

Key words: food waste compost, maize-peanut intercropping, soil enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, root activity

BAN Caixin, SA Rula, TAI Jicheng, ZHAO Tingchao, LI Anning, WU Chengcheng, ARUNTUYA. Effect of Kitchen Waste Compost on Soil Enzyme Activity and Physiological Characteristics of Maize and Peanut Interplanting[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(33): 74-80.

Figures/Tables 4

References 24

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试验材料名称		详细说明
堆肥试验材料	堆肥原料	内蒙古民族大学公共食堂厨余垃圾（蔬菜、瓜果皮质量比为1:1）
	堆肥添加物	EM菌剂：含有光合细菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌和放线菌
		土壤
		课题组筛选的纤维素分解菌系（简称选育菌系）
	堆肥设备	果攸厨余垃圾堆肥桶(29 cm×30 cm×30 cm)
腐熟堆肥填埋土壤试验材料	土壤碱解氮含量为102.34 mg/kg，有效磷含量为156.59 mg/kg，速效钾含量为1.94 mg/kg，土壤pH 8.83
腐熟堆肥填埋土壤试验材料	玉米种子：‘农华101’

试验材料名称		详细说明
堆肥试验材料	堆肥原料	内蒙古民族大学公共食堂厨余垃圾（蔬菜、瓜果皮质量比为1:1）
	堆肥添加物	EM菌剂：含有光合细菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌和放线菌
		土壤
		课题组筛选的纤维素分解菌系（简称选育菌系）
	堆肥设备	果攸厨余垃圾堆肥桶(29 cm×30 cm×30 cm)
腐熟堆肥填埋土壤试验材料	土壤碱解氮含量为102.34 mg/kg，有效磷含量为156.59 mg/kg，速效钾含量为1.94 mg/kg，土壤pH 8.83
腐熟堆肥填埋土壤试验材料	玉米种子：‘农华101’

处理		碱性磷酸酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]	纤维素酶/[μg/(g·72 h)]	蔗糖酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]	脲酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]	过氧化氢酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]
单作玉米	EM	5.57ab	4.84cd	42.30c	0.16f	0.57ab
	TR	2.50c	2.85d	73.72bc	46.07de	0.57ab
	JX	2.48c	12.25b	61.46c	189.78c	0.48bc
	CK	2.58c	5.73cd	46.90c	247.70b	0.26e
单作花生	EM	3.43bc	6.24cd	72.69bc	75.57d	0.41cd
	TR	5.78ab	18.66a	43.58c	40.60e	0.40cd
	JX	7.32a	7.33c	57.62c	0.16f	0.31de
	CK	4.71abc	2.52d	94.92b	328.58a	0.51bc
间作	EM	3.39bc	5.15cd	135.53a	159.18c	0.58ab
	TR	2.11c	5.11cd	70.91bc	75.03de	0.53bc
	JX	3.65bc	6.18cd	43.83c	226.39b	0.50bc
	CK	4.46bc	5.11cd	65.29bc	66.83de	0.67a

处理		碱性磷酸酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]	纤维素酶/[μg/(g·72 h)]	蔗糖酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]	脲酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]	过氧化氢酶/[μg/(g·24 h)]
单作玉米	EM	5.57ab	4.84cd	42.30c	0.16f	0.57ab
	TR	2.50c	2.85d	73.72bc	46.07de	0.57ab
	JX	2.48c	12.25b	61.46c	189.78c	0.48bc
	CK	2.58c	5.73cd	46.90c	247.70b	0.26e
单作花生	EM	3.43bc	6.24cd	72.69bc	75.57d	0.41cd
	TR	5.78ab	18.66a	43.58c	40.60e	0.40cd
	JX	7.32a	7.33c	57.62c	0.16f	0.31de
	CK	4.71abc	2.52d	94.92b	328.58a	0.51bc
间作	EM	3.39bc	5.15cd	135.53a	159.18c	0.58ab
	TR	2.11c	5.11cd	70.91bc	75.03de	0.53bc
	JX	3.65bc	6.18cd	43.83c	226.39b	0.50bc
	CK	4.46bc	5.11cd	65.29bc	66.83de	0.67a

处理		SOD活性/[U/(g·h)]	POD活性/[μg/(g·min)]	MDA含量/(μmol/g)	叶绿素相对含量
单作玉米	EM	60.42b	26.56bcd	1.969b	34.73ab
	TR	32.85c	22.83cd	2.715b	36.50ab
	JX	74.67ab	25.33cd	2.470b	35.13ab
	CK	76.79ab	19.61d	1.852b	34.07ab
单作花生	EM	33.28d	17.72a	2.917b	34.73ab
	TR	58.02bcd	13.67ab	0.650c	36.50ab
	JX	69.37bc	13.33ab	0.422c	35.13ab
	CK	44.89cd	14.33ab	3.201b	34.07ab
间作玉米	EM	59.24b	28.22bc	3.305b	31.20b
	TR	97.04a	33.78ab	1.240b	39.87a
	JX	88.88a	36.39a	5.433a	35.10ab
	CK	90.04a	25.33cd	2.338b	34.13ab
间作花生	EM	34.91d	10.22b	3.151b	31.20b
	TR	71.38bc	11.11ab	2.961b	39.87a
	JX	81.93ab	14.83ab	5.433a	35.10ab
	CK	100.43a	13.26ab	3.291b	34.13ab