Effect of Different Planting Densities on Agronomic Traits and Yield of ‘Tiansu 5’

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0168

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the optimal planting density of ‘Tiansu 5’ in the Urumqi area of Xinjiang, and provide a reference for the rational promotion of this variety, an experiment was conducted combining the actual mechanized sowing of local foxtail millet and the results of previous pre-tests. Based on the common row spacing of 40 cm, 45 cm, and 50 cm, and the in-field planting distance of 10 cm, six planting densities (400 000, 444 000, 500 000, 600 000, 667 000, 750 000 plants /hm²) were set up. The differences and changing trends of agronomic and yield traits of ‘Tiansu 5’ under the six planting densities were compared, and correlation and regression analyses were conducted. Under the six planting densities, the differences in main stem nodes, main stem diameter, leaf number, length of the internode below the panicle, effective panicle number, main panicle length, main panicle diameter, main panicle weight, main panicle grain weight, main panicle grain number, and yield were extremely significant (P<0.01), while the differences in main stem length, leaf width, and 1000-grain weight were significant (P<0.05), and the differences in tiller number, leaf length, leaf length-to-width ratio, and grain yield rate were not significant (P>0.05). With the increase of planting density, the effective panicle number gradually increased, while the main stem length, length of the internode below the panicle, and main panicle length gradually decreased. The main panicle weight, main panicle grain weight, main panicle grain number, and 1000-grain weight showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and the main stem nodes, main stem diameter, leaf number, leaf width, main panicle diameter, and yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Yield was extremely significantly positively correlated with main panicle diameter, main panicle weight, main panicle grain weight, and 1000-grain weight, and significantly positively correlated with grain yield rate. There was an extremely significant positive linear regression relationship between yield and tiller number, effective panicle number, main panicle length, main panicle grain weight, and grain yield rate. The yield was the highest at the planting density of 600 000 plants per hectare, which is the recommended planting density in the Urumqi area.

Key words: Urumqi, foxtail millet, planting density, agronomic traits, yield

QIN Yuhan, YANG Jing, ZHAO Linlin, ZENG Yujiao, ZHENG Lipeng, REN Jiandong, WANG Xiaoxing, MA Bin, ZHOU Wei, XU Lin, XIANG Jishan. Effect of Different Planting Densities on Agronomic Traits and Yield of ‘Tiansu 5’[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(36): 12-20.

Figures/Tables 6

References 34

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处理	行距/cm	株距/cm	留苗/棵	种植密度/（万株/hm²）
M₁	50	10	2	40.0
M₂	45	10	2	44.4
M₃	40	10	2	50.0
M₄	50	10	3	60.0
M₅	45	10	3	66.7
M₆	40	10	3	75.0

处理	行距/cm	株距/cm	留苗/棵	种植密度/（万株/hm²）
M₁	50	10	2	40.0
M₂	45	10	2	44.4
M₃	40	10	2	50.0
M₄	50	10	3	60.0
M₅	45	10	3	66.7
M₆	40	10	3	75.0

方差	分蘖数	主茎节数	主茎长度	穗下节长度	主茎直径	叶片数	叶片长度	叶片宽度	叶片长宽比
DF	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
F值	1.130	6.542	2.716	4.204	3.306	12.787	0.572	2.461	1.048
P值	0.351	0.000	0.025	0.002	0.009	0.000	0.722	0.039	0.395

方差	分蘖数	主茎节数	主茎长度	穗下节长度	主茎直径	叶片数	叶片长度	叶片宽度	叶片长宽比
DF	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
F值	1.130	6.542	2.716	4.204	3.306	12.787	0.572	2.461	1.048
P值	0.351	0.000	0.025	0.002	0.009	0.000	0.722	0.039	0.395

处理	分蘖数/个	主茎节数/节	主茎长度/cm	穗下节长度/cm	主茎直径/mm	叶片数/片	叶片长度/cm	叶片宽度/cm	叶片长宽比
M₁	6.87±1.47	11.87±1.29^abAB	127.83±7.32^a	23.93±2.34^aA	5.12±0.64^aAB	12.53±0.50^bBC	39.69±2.74	3.03±0.32^b	13.19±0.52
M₂	5.47±1.33	11.93±0.50^aA	126.80±2.77^ab	21.55±2.01^bAB	5.64±0.26^aA	13.13±0.23^aAB	39.18±3.24	3.31±0.06^a	11.94±0.72
M₃	5.40±0.40	12.07±0.23^aA	122.93±9.14^abc	21.00±1.28^bcB	5.57±0.21^aA	13.47±0.31^aA	38.82±2.88	3.21±0.10^ab	12.16±0.86
M₄	5.33±1.27	11.20±0.35^bcBC	121.20±12.55^abc	20.81±1.36^bcB	4.97±0.72^abAB	12.13±1.10^bcC	38.19±2.58	3.14±0.14^ab	12.24±0.36
M₅	5.27±0.12	10.60±0.53^cC	119.27±5.50^bc	20.33±0.46^bcB	4.90±0.82^abAB	11.47±0.31^cC	38.03±1.72	3.02±0.22^b	12.65±0.73
M₆	5.13±2.00	10.53±0.50^cC	115.80±5.41^c	19.35±2.19^cB	4.31±0.20^bB	11.33±0.76^cC	37.22±2.47	3.01±0.19^b	12.46±0.61