Effect of Organic Amendment Combined with Moderate Deep Ploughing on Productivity Improvement of Hilly Reclaimed Rice Field

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0605

Abstract

Abstract:

To solve the practical problems in the existing “non-grain” cultivated land improvement technology, such as high cost and poor regional suitability, a field experiment was carried out in the typical “non-grain” reclaimed rice field in the hilly area of eastern Zhejiang Province. The effects of different organic amendments and combinations (T₁: biochar based fertilizer, T₂: potassium fulvic acid, T₃: organic fertilizer + biochar based fertilizer, T₄: organic fertilizer + potassium fulvic acid), and tillage depth (D: deep tillage with 20 cm, S: shallow tillage with 15 cm) on topsoil properties, rice yield and economic benefits were analyzed. The results showed that the application of different organic amendments could significantly increase the yield of rice, among which T₄ and T₃ had the best effects, especially under the condition of deep ploughing. Compared with the conventional control (S-CK), they could increase the yield by 3.7 t/hm² (48.8%) and 3.4 t/hm² (44.5%) respectively, and the economic benefit reached 2391-3101 yuan/hm² in the current season. Deep ploughing decreased soil pH by 0.2 units on average, but significantly increased soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydro nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Among them, the SOM in D-T₄ and D-T₃ increased by 11.5% and 11.3%, respectively, compared with S-CK. The correlation analysis showed that rice yield was significantly positively correlated with agronomic characters (effective panicle, panicle length, spikelet per panicle and seed setting rate) and soil fertility indexes (SOM, TN, AN, AP, AK and CEC) (P<0.01). Therefore, the organic amendments combinations of organic fertilizer and biochar based fertilizer or potassium fulvic acid, with moderate mechanical deep ploughing, can simultaneously achieve tillage layer reconstruction and directional fertilizer cultivation, and promote soil improvement efficiency in reclamation area. This technology has great potential to be popularized in the “non-grain” reclaimed rice field in hilly areas.

Key words: “non-grain” cultivated land, tillage layer reconstruction, tillage depth, soil amendment, rice yield

WANG Feng, ZHU Shijun, YING Hong, CHAI Weigang, DAI Yaolu, YUAN Qing, JIN Shuquan. Effect of Organic Amendment Combined with Moderate Deep Ploughing on Productivity Improvement of Hilly Reclaimed Rice Field[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(9): 91-98.

Figures/Tables 7

References 23

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供试物料	含水率/%	pH	电导率/(μS/cm)	有机碳/%	全氮/(g/kg)	全磷/(g/kg)	全钾/(g/kg)
商品有机肥	35	7.73	8 692	17.7	18.0	16.2	15.8
生物炭基肥	7	8.38	27 080	22.5	14.0	2.3	17.0
生化黄腐酸钾	0	4.86	50 543	22.0	48.4	2.8	86.1

供试物料	含水率/%	pH	电导率/(μS/cm)	有机碳/%	全氮/(g/kg)	全磷/(g/kg)	全钾/(g/kg)
商品有机肥	35	7.73	8 692	17.7	18.0	16.2	15.8
生物炭基肥	7	8.38	27 080	22.5	14.0	2.3	17.0
生化黄腐酸钾	0	4.86	50 543	22.0	48.4	2.8	86.1

处理	有效穗/(×10⁴/hm²)	穗长/cm	每穗粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g
S-CK	143 e	21.4 c	286 b	88.7 a	23.1 a
S-T₁	166 cd	21.7 bc	317 a	76.6 c	22.5 abc
S-T₂	172 bcd	22.2 abc	319 a	83.0 abc	22.6 abc
S-T₃	181 bc	22.1 abc	336 a	86.2 ab	22.8 ab
S-T₄	187 ab	22.8 ab	339 a	85.4 ab	22.4 bc
D-CK	163 d	22.8 ab	314 a	82.2 abc	22.4 bc
D-T₁	185 b	23.0 a	310 ab	79.6 bc	22.8 ab
D-T₂	188 ab	22.4 abc	313 a	82.5 abc	22.4 bc
D-T₃	203 a	22.5 abc	330 a	82.0 abc	22.1 c
D-T₄	203 a	22.1 abc	318 a	87.1 a	22.3 bc

处理	有效穗/(×10⁴/hm²)	穗长/cm	每穗粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g
S-CK	143 e	21.4 c	286 b	88.7 a	23.1 a
S-T₁	166 cd	21.7 bc	317 a	76.6 c	22.5 abc
S-T₂	172 bcd	22.2 abc	319 a	83.0 abc	22.6 abc
S-T₃	181 bc	22.1 abc	336 a	86.2 ab	22.8 ab
S-T₄	187 ab	22.8 ab	339 a	85.4 ab	22.4 bc
D-CK	163 d	22.8 ab	314 a	82.2 abc	22.4 bc
D-T₁	185 b	23.0 a	310 ab	79.6 bc	22.8 ab
D-T₂	188 ab	22.4 abc	313 a	82.5 abc	22.4 bc
D-T₃	203 a	22.5 abc	330 a	82.0 abc	22.1 c
D-T₄	203 a	22.1 abc	318 a	87.1 a	22.3 bc

处理	当季收入	作物增收	改良成本	当季增效
S-CK	23343	0	0	0
S-T₁	24831	1488	9750	-8262
S-T₂	28613	5270	10500	-5230
S-T₃	33294	9951	7125	2826
S-T₄	33852	10509	7500	3009
D-CK	26133	2790	900	1890
D-T₁	29078	5735	10650	-4915
D-T₂	30473	7130	11400	-4270
D-T₃	33759	10416	8025	2391
D-T₄	34844	11501	8400	3101