Nanocarbon-based Fertilization Reduction Mode: The Effect on Rice Yield and Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Cold Region

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700418

Abstract

Abstract:

To solve the problems of fertilizer supply shortage and low yield of rice in northern cold region caused by reduced fertilizer supply, we selected nanocrystalline carbon synergist as material, used rapid instrument detection and plant routine determination methods, to study the effects of nano-carbon added conventional fertilization mode and reduced fertilizer supply mode on yield characteristics of rice and fertilizer use efficiency. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization mode (CK), the nano-carbon added conventional fertilization mode (SM-A), nitrogen fertilizer application of 10% reducing mode (SM-B) and nitrogen fertilizer application of 20% reducing mode (SM-C) had significant influence on rice plant morphological characteristics, photosynthetic physiological characteristics, yield characteristics and fertilizer use efficiency. Among them, SM-B had the greatest increase effect, followed by SM-A and the then SM-C. And for the aspect of economy benefit, the increased value of SM-A, SM-B and SM-C was 563.56, 1374.20 and -1391.08 yuan/hm ², respectively, SM-B got the largest economic benefit increase. This study indicates that SM-B can improve the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of rice during growth period, increase plant production and fertilizer use efficiency, it is an ideal and safe mode for reducing fertilization of rice in cold region.

Key words: rice in cold region, nanocrystalline carbon, fertilization reduction mode, rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency

CLC Number:

S511

Huai Baodong, Sui Wenzhi, Tian Yanhong, Xu Fei, Li Peiran, Sui Xin, Yan Fengchao, Li Peishan. Nanocarbon-based Fertilization Reduction Mode: The Effect on Rice Yield and Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Cold Region[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(1): 6-13.

Figures/Tables 9

References 28

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年份	处理	氮素积累吸收量			磷素积累吸收量
年份	处理	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期
2015	CK	51.02±0.67b	64.18±0.88b	136.09±1.00b	8.78±0.32b	15.42±0.48b	35.54±0.68b
	SM-A	57.8±0.58a	70.38±0.67a	140.62±0.92a	10.03±0.29a	17.54±0.52a	37.26±0.74a
	SM-B	56.22±0.59a	70.42±0.75a	142.81±0.87a	9.63±0.35ab	17.08±0.43a	37.89±0.78a
	SM-C	48.41±0.87c	60.64±0.62c	131.41±0.95c	8.10±0.27c	13.88±0.47c	33.02±0.65c
2016	CK	50.28±0.72b	62.56±0.89b	135.27±1.02b	8.08±0.25b	15.03±0.41b	35.31±0.67b
	SM-A	55.64±0.83a	69.23±0.81a	140.25±0.98a	9.26±0.29a	17.26±0.50a	37.55±0.71a
	SM-B	56.37±0.69a	69.81±0.78a	141.27±0.88a	9.37±0.34a	17.58±0.46a	38.01±0.65a
	SM-C	47.01±0.76c	59.35±0.83c	132.09±0.95c	7.15±0.30c	14.05±0.47c	32.82±0.73c

年份	处理	氮素积累吸收量			磷素积累吸收量
年份	处理	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期
2015	CK	51.02±0.67b	64.18±0.88b	136.09±1.00b	8.78±0.32b	15.42±0.48b	35.54±0.68b
	SM-A	57.8±0.58a	70.38±0.67a	140.62±0.92a	10.03±0.29a	17.54±0.52a	37.26±0.74a
	SM-B	56.22±0.59a	70.42±0.75a	142.81±0.87a	9.63±0.35ab	17.08±0.43a	37.89±0.78a
	SM-C	48.41±0.87c	60.64±0.62c	131.41±0.95c	8.10±0.27c	13.88±0.47c	33.02±0.65c
2016	CK	50.28±0.72b	62.56±0.89b	135.27±1.02b	8.08±0.25b	15.03±0.41b	35.31±0.67b
	SM-A	55.64±0.83a	69.23±0.81a	140.25±0.98a	9.26±0.29a	17.26±0.50a	37.55±0.71a
	SM-B	56.37±0.69a	69.81±0.78a	141.27±0.88a	9.37±0.34a	17.58±0.46a	38.01±0.65a
	SM-C	47.01±0.76c	59.35±0.83c	132.09±0.95c	7.15±0.30c	14.05±0.47c	32.82±0.73c

年份	处理	叶绿素含量/(mg/g)			叶面积指数/(m²/hm²)
年份	处理	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期
2015	CK	4.31±0.09b	3.35±0.09b	2.52±0.06b	3.82±0.03a	4.44±0.05c	2.08±0.04b
	SM-A	4.53±0.07a	3.54±0.11a	2.63±0.08b	3.88±0.04a	4.57±0.06b	2.15±0.03b
	SM-B	4.61±0.07a	3.66±0.10a	2.82±0.06a	3.86±0.03a	4.77±0.04a	2.64±0.04a
	SM-C	4.04±0.08c	2.96±0.08c	2.28±0.09c	3.70±0.03b	4.18±0.03d	1.91±0.05c
2016	CK	4.21±0.11b	3.49±0.09b	2.39±0.10b	3.69±0.05a	4.57±0.07b	2.02±0.05b
	SM-A	4.66±0.13a	3.76±0.12a	2.69±0.07a	3.74±0.04a	4.63±0.06ab	2.07±0.07b
	SM-B	4.78±0.09a	3.81±0.08a	2.73±0.12a	3.75±0.07a	4.81±0.05a	2.45±0.04a
	SM-C	3.77±0.10c	3.05±0.13c	2.04±0.09c	3.51±0.03b	4.05±0.08c	1.81±0.06c

年份	处理	叶绿素含量/(mg/g)			叶面积指数/(m²/hm²)
年份	处理	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期	孕穗期	抽穗期	成熟期
2015	CK	4.31±0.09b	3.35±0.09b	2.52±0.06b	3.82±0.03a	4.44±0.05c	2.08±0.04b
	SM-A	4.53±0.07a	3.54±0.11a	2.63±0.08b	3.88±0.04a	4.57±0.06b	2.15±0.03b
	SM-B	4.61±0.07a	3.66±0.10a	2.82±0.06a	3.86±0.03a	4.77±0.04a	2.64±0.04a
	SM-C	4.04±0.08c	2.96±0.08c	2.28±0.09c	3.70±0.03b	4.18±0.03d	1.91±0.05c
2016	CK	4.21±0.11b	3.49±0.09b	2.39±0.10b	3.69±0.05a	4.57±0.07b	2.02±0.05b
	SM-A	4.66±0.13a	3.76±0.12a	2.69±0.07a	3.74±0.04a	4.63±0.06ab	2.07±0.07b
	SM-B	4.78±0.09a	3.81±0.08a	2.73±0.12a	3.75±0.07a	4.81±0.05a	2.45±0.04a
	SM-C	3.77±0.10c	3.05±0.13c	2.04±0.09c	3.51±0.03b	4.05±0.08c	1.81±0.06c

年份	处理	净光合速率/[μmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度/[μmol/(m²·s)]	胞间二氧化碳浓度/(μmol/mol)	蒸腾速率/[μmol/(m²·s)]
2015	CK	13.84±0.76bc	0.28±0.06b	253.33±8.74b	3.66±0.09ab
	SM-A	15.33±0.62a	0.37±0.04ab	248.45±8.36b	3.77±0.09ab
	SM-B	15.78±0.64a	0.42±0.04a	245.67±9.29b	3.83±0.19a
	SM-C	12.97±0.51c	0.21±0.03c	257.78±6.51a	3.53±0.17b
2016	CK	14.04±0.56b	0.32±0.03b	246.25±5.57b	3.60±0.08b
	SM-A	15.55±0.61a	0.45±0.05a	243.81±4.89b	3.88±0.11a
	SM-B	15.80±0.72a	0.48±0.04a	239.16±7.21b	3.95±0.14a
	SM-C	13.05±0.62c	0.22±0.06c	258.14±6.34a	3.34±0.09c