Effect of One-time Application of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Rapeseed Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Coastal Saline-alkali Land

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0536

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide support for the rational application of slow-release fertilizers in the simplified and high-yield cultivation of rapeseed in coastal saline-alkali land, this study was conducted in mild (soil salt content 0.1%-0.2%) and moderate (soil salt content 0.2%-0.4%) coastal saline-alkali land, with salt-tolerant rapeseed variety ‘Yanyouza 7’ as the experimental material, from 2022 to 2023 and 2023 to 2024. The experimental treatments included different application rates of special slow-release fertilizer (720, 840, 960 and 1080 kg/hm², abbreviated as F720, F840, F960, and F1080, respectively), and no fertilization treatment was used as the blank (F0), and conventional fertilization mode was used as the control (FC). The effects of different fertilizer treatments on the yield, dry matter accumulation, dry matter and harvest index, photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen accumulation and utilization rate of rape were studied to clarify the one-time application amount of slow-release fertilizer for high yield and efficient nitrogen utilization of rape in coastal saline-alkali land. The results showed that (1) the rapeseed yield, effective pod number, and seed number per pod of the fertilizer treatment showed a decreasing trend with the increased salinity level. F960 achieved the highest rapeseed yield under fertilizer treatments and mild saline-alkali soil conditions, while F1080 achieved the highest rapeseed yield under fertilizer treatments and moderate saline-alkali soil conditions, mainly due to its higher number of effective pods. (2) The dry matter weight of rapeseed at early flowering, and the total dry matter weight and the dry matter weight of each organ at maturity decreased, while the harvest index increased, with the increased salinity level. F1080 achieved the highest dry matter weight at early flowering and maturity of rapeseed under fertilizer treatments, and F960 had the highest harvest index under mild and moderate saline-alkali soil conditions. (3) The leaf net photosynthesis rate, leaf area index at early flowering, and peel area index at seed-filling decreased with the increased salinity level. F960 had the highest leaf net photosynthesis rate, leaf area index at early flowering, and peel area index at seed-filling under mild saline-alkali soil conditions, and F1080 had the highest leaf net photosynthesis rate and leaf area index at early flowering under moderate saline-alkali soil conditions. (4) The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen seed production efficiency decreased, while the nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency of rapeseed increased, with the increased salinity level. F960 had the highest nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen seed production efficiency, and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency of rapeseed under mild saline-alkali soil conditions, while F1080 had the relatively higher nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen seed production efficiency, and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency under moderate saline-alkali soil conditions. This study indicated that salinity stress greatly deteriorated the yield and nitrogen accumulation and utilization of rapeseed. The recommended one-time rate of slow-release fertilizer is 960 kg/hm² under mild saline-alkali soil and 1080 kg/hm² under moderate saline-alkali soil, which can synergistically improve rapeseed yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency.

Key words: coastal saline-alkali land, rapeseed, one-time application of slow-release fertilizer, yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency

SUN Yijian, ZHANG Xiang, ZUO Boyuan, MENG Tianyao, CHEN Yinglong, DAI Qigen, WEI Huanhe. Effect of One-time Application of Slow-Release Fertilizer on Rapeseed Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Coastal Saline-alkali Land[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(6): 41-47.

Figures/Tables 6

References 31

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土壤类型	处理	产量/(t/hm²)	有效角果数/(×10⁶/hm²)	每角粒数/粒	千粒重/g
轻度盐碱地	F0	1.47 f	21.5 d	17.9 c	3.82 c
	FC	2.33 d	27.3 cd	20.7 a	4.12 a
	F720	2.19 e	29.6 c	18.8 bc	3.93 bc
	F840	2.59 c	33.4 b	19.2 ab	4.03 ab
	F960	3.01 a	38.5 a	19.6 ab	3.99 ab
	F1080	2.84 b	37.1 ab	19.4 ab	3.94 bc
中度盐碱地	F0	1.24 e	18.5 d	15.9 c	4.22 a
	FC	2.09 c	25.7 cd	19.8 a	4.10 bc
	F720	1.98 d	27.6 c	17.7 b	4.05 bc
	F840	2.37 b	30.5 b	18.6 ab	4.17 ab
	F960	2.62 ab	34.5 ab	18.4 ab	4.12 bc
	F1080	2.65 a	35.1 a	19.1 ab	3.94 c

土壤类型	处理	产量/(t/hm²)	有效角果数/(×10⁶/hm²)	每角粒数/粒	千粒重/g
轻度盐碱地	F0	1.47 f	21.5 d	17.9 c	3.82 c
	FC	2.33 d	27.3 cd	20.7 a	4.12 a
	F720	2.19 e	29.6 c	18.8 bc	3.93 bc
	F840	2.59 c	33.4 b	19.2 ab	4.03 ab
	F960	3.01 a	38.5 a	19.6 ab	3.99 ab
	F1080	2.84 b	37.1 ab	19.4 ab	3.94 bc
中度盐碱地	F0	1.24 e	18.5 d	15.9 c	4.22 a
	FC	2.09 c	25.7 cd	19.8 a	4.10 bc
	F720	1.98 d	27.6 c	17.7 b	4.05 bc
	F840	2.37 b	30.5 b	18.6 ab	4.17 ab
	F960	2.62 ab	34.5 ab	18.4 ab	4.12 bc
	F1080	2.65 a	35.1 a	19.1 ab	3.94 c

土壤类型	处理	干物重/(t/hm²)		收获指数
土壤类型	处理	初花期	成熟期	收获指数
轻度盐碱地	F0	2.56 d	5.03 e	0.284 d
	FC	3.50 c	7.08 c	0.306 b
	F720	3.36 cd	6.80 d	0.295 c
	F840	3.85 b	7.59 b	0.306 b
	F960	4.12 a	8.12 a	0.325 a
	F1080	4.18 a	8.24 a	0.308 b
中度盐碱地	F0	2.11 d	4.15 e	0.289 d
	FC	3.20 c	6.22 c	0.310 b
	F720	3.01 cd	5.91 d	0.299 c
	F840	3.54 b	6.92 b	0.310 b
	F960	3.58 ab	6.99 b	0.327 a
	F1080	3.77 a	7.41 a	0.317 ab

土壤类型	处理	干物重/(t/hm²)		收获指数
土壤类型	处理	初花期	成熟期	收获指数
轻度盐碱地	F0	2.56 d	5.03 e	0.284 d
	FC	3.50 c	7.08 c	0.306 b
	F720	3.36 cd	6.80 d	0.295 c
	F840	3.85 b	7.59 b	0.306 b
	F960	4.12 a	8.12 a	0.325 a
	F1080	4.18 a	8.24 a	0.308 b
中度盐碱地	F0	2.11 d	4.15 e	0.289 d
	FC	3.20 c	6.22 c	0.310 b
	F720	3.01 cd	5.91 d	0.299 c
	F840	3.54 b	6.92 b	0.310 b
	F960	3.58 ab	6.99 b	0.327 a
	F1080	3.77 a	7.41 a	0.317 ab

土壤类型	处理	各器官干物重
土壤类型	处理	根	茎	角壳	籽粒
轻度盐碱地	F0	1.28 d	2.28 d	1.47 d	1.49 e
	FC	1.84 ab	3.25 c	1.99 cd	2.31 d
	F720	1.53 c	3.26 c	2.02 c	2.21 de
	F840	1.77 b	3.60 b	2.22 b	2.57 c
	F960	1.91 a	3.81 ab	2.40 a	2.99 a
	F1080	1.85 ab	3.98 a	2.41 a	2.85 b
中度盐碱地	F0	1.06 c	1.88 d	1.22 d	1.26 e
	FC	1.62 ab	2.86 c	1.75 c	2.07 c
	F720	1.33 b	2.83 c	1.76 c	1.96 d
	F840	1.61 ab	3.28 b	2.03 b	2.39 b
	F960	1.65 a	3.28 b	2.07 ab	2.60 ab
	F1080	1.66 a	3.58 a	2.16 a	2.66 a