Abstract: In order to analyze the stability of inheritance about the DH population and explore the difference of the segregations of fruit traits between the DH population and the F2 population, One DH population of pepper was constructed by utilizing the anther culture technology. This population was consisted of 103 DH lines from the donor pepper with the bull-horn shape, which was hybridized by pepper with the shape of sheep-horn (97403) and sweet pepper with the shape of blocky (97410). Mainly based on 5 fruit traits, such as weight per fruit, the genetic phenotypes of this DH population were analyzed and compared with the homologous F2 population. The coefficient of variation (CV) in 5 fruits traits of the primary donor and its parents was relatively low. Moreover, significant differences were observed in every trait among three populations. These results indicated the uniformity of primary donor and its parents. The average, CV and separated region (SR) were also analyzed and compared in each trait from DH and F2 population. The result suggested that 5 fruit traits were quantitative traits controlled by the multiple genes. Due to gene recombination, both super-parent genotypes with positive and negative aspects were observed in either DH or F2 populations. However, both SR of each trait and super-parent separated types in the DH populations were significantly increased compared with the F2 populations. The obtained DH lines which were all stable-genetic inbreeding lines improved the selection efficiency of anther culture breeding.