Abstract: Five genotypes of radish were used to study the optimum conditions of anther callus induction. Effects of different concentration of sucrose, different combination of hormone, genotypes as well as temperature and light of pretreatments on culture characteristics of radish anthers in vitro were studied in the experiment. The antioxidant enzymatic activities during anther callus browning were researched. It was optimal to induce the anther callus in MS medium with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 1.0mg/L 6-BA +2.0 mg/L KT. The delay of browning and the higher antioxidant enzymatic activities of anther callus cultured in this culture medium was observed. Different durations of pretreatments resulted in different induction ratio of callus. When pretreated at 4℃, then pretreated at 30℃ and cultured in darkness at 30℃ for 3 days, the induction ratio of anther callus was higher compared with those pretreated individually. The optimal sucrose concentration for anther callus induction was 6.0 %.