Abstract: In order to evaluate genetic variation of the sweet cherry naturally pollinated seedlings indicated by the fruit weight, edibility, SSC, components and contents of sugar, organic acid and aroma, 31 seedlings were analyzed in this experiment. The aim of this study was to provide original data and information to instruct the chance seedling selection. The results indicated: ①The fruit weight and SSC content revealed rich genetic diversity in the sweet cherry naturally pollinated seedlings whose coefficients were 32.67% and 20.03%. However the coefficient of the edibility was lower (2.23%) which showed a narrower variation range. ②The contents of fructose, glucose and total sugar in the sweet cherry naturally pollinated seedlings also changed a lot. Their coefficients were 17.93%、17.05% and 17.40% respectively. And the coefficients of the contents of organic acid and sugar/acid value were larger, which were 25.67% and 35.22%. ③Ripe fruits of 31 sweet cherries were analyzed using head space-solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed considerable genetic variations in these aspects: the number of volatile components category, the categories and contents of each kind of compounds and contents of main components. There were 113 compounds in total belonging to 5 classes detected, including esters, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and hydrocarbons. In conclusion, the 31 sweet cherry seedlings showed wider variation range which indicated the possibility to obtain superior seedling.