Modern Agricultural Development and Rural Revitalization
This article explores the guiding significance of the 'all-encompassing approach to food' in fostering agricultural science innovation. It delves into the current challenges and opportunities in agricultural science innovation and proposes ideas and strategies under the guidance of the 'all-encompassing approach to food'. The paper argues that 'all-encompassing approach to food' is the strategic direction of national food security, which requires us to start from better meeting people's needs for a better life, develop food resources in all directions and ways, enrich food varieties, and ensure effective supply of various foods. The paper highlights the existing predicaments in agricultural science innovation, such as the scarcity of foundational data, the disconnection between agricultural production and technology, the uneven distribution of agricultural talents, the sluggish evolution of agricultural logistics systems, and the disparate levels of scientific research across disciplines. It is needed to strengthen gene and phenotype research, establish AI agriculture platform, cultivate compound talents, optimize agricultural product circulation channels, and promote cross-disciplinary communication and cooperation. And it also proposes specific measures for agricultural science innovation such as grasping the initiative of food security, encouraging original innovation of agricultural germplasm resources, developing facility agriculture and smart agriculture, developing biotechnology and bio-industry, promoting structural optimization of agricultural supply system, high-quality and efficient development. Agricultural science innovation under the guidance of 'all-encompassing approach to food' will become an important driving force for future agricultural development and contribute to food security and national health.
Taking the improvement of rural living environment in Shanshan County, Xinjiang as the research sample, a field survey was conducted on the situation of rural living environment improvement in Shanshan County, Xinjiang through questionnaire survey and interviews. Based on the strategic plan for rural revitalization, an evaluation index system for the effectiveness of rural living environment improvement in Shanshan County, Xinjiang was constructed. The weight of the index was determined by Analytic Hierarchy Process, and the overall evaluation of the effectiveness of six rural living environment improvement tasks in Shanshan County was finally conducted by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The evaluation results indicate that the overall evaluation value of rural living environment improvement in Shanshan County is 2.9186, of which the evaluation value of village planning and management effect is 2.8817, the evaluation value of toilet revolution and fecal pollution treatment effect is 2.8392, the evaluation value of rural domestic sewage treatment effect is 2.8816, the evaluation value of rural domestic waste treatment effect is 3.1291, the evaluation value of village appearance improvement effect is 3.1480, and the evaluation value of construction and management mechanism effect is 2.610. Based on the research results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of rural living environment improvement in Shanshan County, the problems in the process of rural living environment improvement in Shanshan County are analyzed. In order to improve the effectiveness of rural living environment improvement in Shanshan County, it is proposed optimization strategies and suggestions in four aspects: increasing the participation of villagers in living environment improvement, carrying out toilet renovation and manure treatment according to local conditions, accelerating the efforts of rural domestic sewage treatment, and establishing the long-term management and protection mechanisms for rural living environment. The study provides prospects for future research priorities and directions of rural living environment improvement.
In order to understand current status and hot issues of rural habitat environment at home and abroad, using CiteSpace literature analysis software, an analysis of those research literatures about rural habitat environment selected from 2002 to 2022 China Knowledge Network (CNKI) and Web of Science core collection database was carried out, and a knowledge map of rural habitat environment research at home and abroad was drawn. The results show that: (1) the number of publications abroad is more than that in China, and the research theories are richer; the cooperation network of research between authors abroad is closer than that in China, indicating more interdisciplinary exchanges; the main publishing institutions at home and abroad are concentrated in universities; the US and China are the main publishing countries. (2) The domestic researches mainly focus on the hard and soft environment of rural areas, including those topics around "rural revitalization", "new rural areas", "rural governance" and "rural development". While the researches abroad focus on the impact of rural habitat on villagers, the topics are mainly around "climate change", "mental health", "physical activity" and "infectious diseases". In the future, the combination of theory and practice in rural habitat research should be further strengthened, and both qualitative and quantitative research methods should be emphasized. Moreover, the depth and breadth of rural habitat research will be expanded based on a multidisciplinary perspective.
With the overall victory against poverty and the deepening of the strategy of rural revitalization, the land transfer in mountainous and hilly areas has attracted increasing attention from all walks of life. Based on the endogenous perspective of peasant household endowment, this paper discusses the relationship between land transfer and household characteristics of peasant households, and constructs a variable index system affecting the decision-making intention of peasant households on land transfer using the questionnaire data of 333 peasant households in Rongchang District of Chongqing. Through Logistic regression model analysis, it is found that farmers' willingness to make decisions on land transfer depends on their family endowment characteristics to a certain extent. The significance of influencing factors is ranked as farmer gender > proportion of crop income > farmer age > per capita cultivated land area > degree of cultivated land fragmentation, indicating that men still play a leading role in family decision-making. The age of the head of the household, the proportion of the household planting income, the per capita cultivated land area of the household, the degree of cultivated land fragmentation and the decision intention of land transfer have a strong inverse relationship. Therefore, in order to build a stable long-term land circulation relationship, the policy design should pay attention to make up for the shortcomings in the endowment of rural households, and promote the improvement of their economic status or development capacity through the income distribution and sharing mechanism.
At present, we are faced with two world-class problems of “soil degradation” and “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, both of which share a common point of carbon. What are the pathways for plants to absorb carbon? Can humans help achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” through crops and agricultural operations? To gain a deeper understanding of the interrelationships among them, and to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture and the achievement of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, this article started from the above two issues and the perspective of the carbon element ecosystem cycle. By reading a large amount of literature, tracking academic frontiers, summarizing the pathways of plant carbon absorption and the application research of carbon rich organic fertilizers, the representative results of carbon absorption and utilization by plants were found as followed. (1) Plant nutrients included organic matter and minerals. (2) The carbon cycle pathway of the ecosystem had been improved: increasing the way for plants to directly absorb and utilize small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. That is, in the carbon cycle of the ecosystem, carbon could be transferred from soil to plants. (3) Carbon rich fertilizers mainly included humus, organic fertilizer, microbial organic fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer, etc. According to the pathway that plants absorb carbon elements, plants could absorb small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. Farmers could increase organic matter in cultivated soil through farming operations, improve soil and promote crop growth, while helping to achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”.
Agricultural managers are a new force born with the growing of the scale, specialization, intensification and informatization of agricultural production and operation. Strengthening the construction of agricultural managers and giving full play to their due role and great potential have profound and practical significance for accelerating the construction of an agricultural power. This paper reviews the background of the emergence of agricultural managers, expounds the significance of strengthening the construction of agricultural managers to accelerating the building of a strong agriculture country, summarizes and analyzes the current typical practices in promoting the construction of agricultural managers in various places. Aiming at the main problems, we must take multiple measures and comprehensive actions to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of the agricultural managers from all aspects, such as, putting forward from the perspectives of increasing training intensity, improving training content, carrying out level evaluation, building communication platform, constructing incentive mechanism, promoting reasonable flow and creating a good environment.
The study explores the practice of integrated development of rural industries, summarizes typical experiences, and promotes new development modes, aiming at further expanding the development space of rural industries, optimizing the structure of rural industries, establishing new forms of rural industry development, and realizing the sustainable prosperity of rural industries. Based on the statistical yearbook data of Hetian region from 2016 to 2020, this paper uses entropy method, entropy weight TOPSIS comprehensive analysis method and grey correlation analysis to calculate the development level and driving factors of rural industrial integration in Hetian region of Xinjiang. The results are as follows. (1) During the study period, the comprehensive score of entropy weight TOPSIS shows an upward trend, indicating that the development of rural industrial integration in Hetian is in an initial development stage, the industrial integration behavior and the effect of industrial integration have achieved initial results. (2) The market demand has the most prominent influence on the integrated development of rural industries; technological innovation and enterprise cooperation have a promoting effect on the integrated development of rural industries; the related industries are closely related to the integrated development of rural industries. (3) The development level of rural industrial integration among counties and cities in Hetian region has a spatial correlation, which is positively correlated with the distance from Hetian City, but it is not the only determinant factor. To sum up, this paper puts forward the industrial integration modes of "primary industry as the foundation, secondary industry connecting two ends", "primary industry connecting tertiary industry, giving full play to multiple functions" and "secondary industry connecting in the middle, and primary and tertiary industry developing together", which provides a reference for Hetian region to achieve effective connection between poverty alleviation consolidation and rural revitalization sustainable development.
Under the background of promoting rural revitalization, according to the existing problems in the development of homestay, the research introduced the solution of cultural tourism industry operator - Living in Seclusion. Based on the symbiotic relationship, this paper refined the operation model with village collective cooperation, introducing investorsto realize value co-creation. Through the participation and cooperation of multiple subjects, the employment, income increase and the development of rural tourism of local villagers can be promoted, and the protection and publicity of rural culture will be realized. The comprehensive development of local agriculture, culture and tourism through the operation of homestay has laid a solid foundation for the deep integration of agriculture, culture and tourism industry, and provides theoretical basis and practical reference for rural revitalization.
Based on the systematic review of relevant literature, this paper summarizes the main progress of the research on the reduction of construction land from four aspects: the types and characteristics of collective construction land, the identification of reduced land blocks, the optimization of the reuse direction of reduced land and the mechanism of reuse guarantee, and then puts forward the important direction of further research on the reduction of collective construction land. The results show that the classification system of collective construction land has yet to reach a consensus, the identification model and reuse path of collective construction land reduction plot are actively explored, and the policy mechanism of construction land reduction has a preliminary framework and is being popularized and applied. On the whole, the research on the reduction of collective construction land has a certain foundation. The deepening development of technology progress and land resource utilization management concept will promote the further research on the reduction of collective construction land, including exploring the characteristics and laws of collective construction land utilization, constructing the space-time allocation model of collective construction land reduction, and promoting the innovation of efficient reuse path and measures of reduced land. The research provides a reference for the further development of related research.
The purpose of this paper is to scientifically evaluate the development level of urban modern agriculture in Foshan and promote multifunctional and coordinated development of urban modern agriculture. On the basis of clarifying the connotation of urban modern agriculture, a multifunctional evaluation index system of urban agriculture was constructed, which contained four primary indicators, including scientific and technological innovation support, production supply guarantee, social life guarantee, and ecological conservation and restoration, and fourteen secondary indicators. Then, the entropy value method was applied to determine the index weights and measure the level of multifunctional development of urban modern agriculture in Foshan and its districts. The results showed that the development level of urban modern agriculture in Foshan increased from 19.88 in 2015 to 80.13 in 2020, with a significant growth trend in the four primary indicators. In terms of the development of each district, the multifunctional development level of urban modern agriculture in Shunde District and Gaoming District were in the forefront, while that in Chancheng District was the lowest. The multifunctional development of urban modern agriculture in Foshan, including science and technology, production, life and ecology, showed a rising trend of fluctuation. Besides, the functional characteristics of urban modern agriculture in each district are distinctive. Therefore, the urban modern agriculture development in Foshan should adopt the strategy of "One district, one policy", so as to promote the differentiated development according to local conditions.
Featured Agriculture is advantageous agriculture, high-efficiency agriculture and brand agriculture based on the comparative advantages of regional resources, and is an important grasp to promote the development of agricultural modernization, promote farmers' income and build a strong agricultural country. This paper clarifies the meaning of featured agriculture, points out that featured agriculture has such basic attributes as regional uniqueness, advanced technology, industrial agglomeration and market risk, and sorts out the current situation and challenges of the development of featured agriculture in China. At present, the development of China's featured agriculture is effective, featured agriculture is gradually becoming more refined and stronger, and special agricultural industry clusters have been initially formed; however the development of China's featured agriculture is still constrained by small production scale, inconspicuous product characteristics, fewer investment channels and shorter industrial chains. Therefore, through promoting the development of featured agricultural industrialization, attracting and encouraging the elite to the countryside, giving play to the driving role of multiple subjects, excavating the connotation of rural culture, and establishing the concept of ecological and green development and other paths, we shall design supporting policies from the aspects of perfecting the market system of featured agricultural products, the investment and financing mechanism, the technical support system, and the risk avoidance mechanism, and correctly grasp and promote the development of featured agricultural industries in all regions to effectively realize the rural revitalization enabled by featured agriculture.
Digital agriculture is the development trend of agricultural modernization. Based on the current situation of management of agro-product quality and safety, this paper expounds that digital agricultural technology can be applied in the quality control of the production process, improvement of supervision efficiency and market information services to promote management of agro-product quality and safety. The realistic challenges are analyzed in this paper, and some suggestions are put forward, including unified information management of agro-product producers, emphasizing key points, developing classified guidance of agro-product producers and strengthening technical support.
Ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin have become a major national strategy. An upsurge of “learning, studying, protecting and developing the Yellow River Basin” has been set off all over the country. Yellow River Basin (including 9 provinces and autonomous regions) is an important region for China’s grain production, which is responsible for the major strategic task of maintaining regional and national grain security. Over the past 70 years since the founding of new China, grain production in the Yellow River Basin has made great achievements, which are reflected in the increase of output, quality, efficiency, conditions and scientific and technological progress. At present, grain production in the Yellow River Basin is facing many prominent problems, such as the reduction of cultivated land, the lack of water resources, the shortage of labor force and serious natural disasters. In view of the above problems, based on extensive literature review and in-depth field typical investigation, this paper studied the strategic position and development law of grain production in the Yellow River Basin. It is believed that if grain production in the Yellow River Basin achieve high-quality development in the new generation and new development stage, the following countermeasures and measures must be taken: (1) expanding the area and increasing multiple cropping; (2) improving the unit yield and optimizing the quality; (3) saving resources and improving the ecology; (4) consolidating the foundation and preventing disasters; (5) industrial integration, high quality and efficiency; (6) developing science and technology and cultivating talents.
Based on the rural residents' income data of 21 County-level administrative region in the Sanjiangyuan ecological function zone (SEFZ) from 2012 to 2019，this paper studied the impact of the natural geographical characteristics of the region on the income of farmers and herdsmen through the establishment of topographic-air quality degree, and the comprehensive use of exploratory spatial analysis and spatial econometric model. The results showed that: (1) the per capita disposable income of farmers and herdsmen increased from 4567.92 to 10417.56 yuan in the SEFZ, showing a spatial distribution characteristic of ‘high in the east and low in the west, high in the north and low in the south’, with spatial aggregation in some areas. (2) Geographical environment had an overall effect on the income of farmers and herdsmen through influencing their production and life, regional economic development, urban and rural resource allocation and government economic policies. (3) The Spatial Durbin Model showed that the income growth of farmers and herdsmen in a certain region would drive the adjacent region. The worse the topographic-air quality degree, the lower the income level of farmers and herdsmen in different regions. GDP growth was beneficial to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen in neighboring regions, while the improvement of industrial structure was beneficial to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen in this region. The modernization of agriculture and animal husbandry had little effect on the income growth of farmers and herdsmen. The increase of government expenditure could also promote the income growth of farmers and herdsmen in different regions.
To further promote the application of intelligent management technology in vegetable production and management, this paper puts forward the overall framework of vegetable production intelligent technology, analyzes the vegetable data sources and acquisition means under the background of big data age, summarizes the latest research technology of vegetable disease diagnosis, environment and water and fertilizer regulation, cultivation management decision, intelligent production operation, and the intelligent information service. Then, by analyzing the challenges of vegetable intelligent management technology, the development suggestions for vegetable intelligent management technology are put forward. Intelligentization is an essential factor of modern agricultural development. And the use of intelligent information technology to improve the comprehensive productivity and benefit of the vegetable industry is the ultimate goal. It is necessary to dig into the actual demand, integrate the data of the whole vegetable industry chain, promote the deep integration of intelligent information technology and the vegetable industry, and support the transformation and upgrading of the vegetable industry.
Straw returning is an effective straw management practice, which has gained attention from international academic circles. In the present study, the core database of Web of Science (891 articles) and CNKI (3213 articles) were analyzed by using CiteSpace and VOSviewer visualization software. The results are as follows. (1)The number of publications is generally on the rise. Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences have published the largest number of articles at home and abroad, respectively, and basic agricultural science and agronomy are the most popular discipline categories. (2) The top three countries with the largest number of published articles on straw returning are China (593), India (130), and the United States (103). The research institutions are mainly universities and colleges, while the Chinese Academy of Sciences has a far-reaching international influence. The teamwork represented by Lu Jianwei, Ping H E, etc. presents the characteristics of overall dispersion and partial concentration. (3) The keywords have experienced four research stages of mechanized agriculture- soil fertility- greenhouse gas emissions- straw returning to field. (4) Keywords density co-occurrence analysis shows that the research hotspots in the field of straw returning can be summarized as: straw returning to improve soil fertility and crop yield, combined benefits of long-term fertilization and straw returning, and conservation tillage and soil physical and chemical properties. The future research will focus on developing straw returning technologies based on local conditions and economic benefit analysis.
To alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of urban and rural construction land, and effectively and reasonably promote the comprehensive improvement of rural settlements, we selected Pingyao County of Shanxi Province as the research area to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in the county and their influencing mechanism. We used the minimal cumulative resistance (MCR) model to construct the suitability evaluation index system of rural residential areas, and established a database of natural and socioeconomic factors taking the administrative village as the unit. The research shows that: (1) the rural settlements in the county are affected by natural location conditions, and the overall distribution pattern of clusters is “dense in the north and middle, and sparse in the southeast”; (2) the spatial layout suitability of rural settlements in Pingyao County is relatively good, mainly high suitability and relative suitability, showing the distribution characteristics of “low suitability in the northwest, high suitability in the southeast, and good suitability close to the central urban area”; (3) according to the logical thinking of natural factors - comprehensive evaluation - development potential - resource advantage, the settlements are classified into four categories: urban-suburban integration, agglomeration expansion, guidance and control, and relocation and merger, and the development directions are pointed out by this study.
The tourism industry has been developing in a fast pace along with the economic development of China. The proposing of rural ecotourism provides a new model for the tourism development under the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy. The concept of the ecological civilization, the construction of beautiful countryside and their integration in the rural ecotourism continuously promote the development of the rural ecotourism. However, problems still can be found in the rural ecotourism, such as the lax construction management, unscientific planning, lack of professionals, stereotyped tourism products, imperfect infrastructure etc., which hinder the rapid development of the rural ecotourism to a certain extent. To boost the long-term development of the rural ecotourism, based on the status quo of the ecotourism development in Qingguanding village of Pingtan County in Fujian Province, this thesis puts forward three countermeasures as promoting the ecotourism legislation, clarifying governments’ responsibilities and improving the comprehensive quality of employees, aiming to provide effective methods for the development of the rural ecotourism and new ideas for promoting the rural revitalization.
Strengthening the building of agricultural and rural talent team is an important part of the implementation of the Strategy of Making China a Talent-strong Country, and also an inevitable requirement for the solid promotion of rural talent revitalization. This paper systematically analyzes the development status and main actions of the building of agricultural and rural talent team, elaborates its main measures and realization paths, including ‘Shennong Talents’ program, ‘TOUYAN’ project of training rural industry revitalization foregoers, ‘National Agricultural Industry Vocational Skills Competition’, ‘National Farmers Skills Competition’, professional title evaluation and so on, aiming to provide reference for sorting out the working system of agricultural and rural talents. The results of the study shows that, with the initiating and implementation of the Strategy of Making China a Talent-strong Country, and the in-depth implementation of the Strategy of Rural Revitalization, the building of agricultural and rural talent team should highlight the characteristics of talent team building, make clear targets, and be innovative and unremitting, so as to provide basic support for the realization of rural talent revitalization and making China a talent-strong country.
Branding is the core symbol of agricultural modernization. To analyze the status quo and countermeasures of fruit industry brand development is conducive to promoting the high-quality development of regional modern fruit industry. Yunnan Province is the main producing area of plateau characteristic fruits. By analyzing the status quo and the problems of the building of fruit industry brands in Yunnan Province, the countermeasures were proposed such as improving the green production of fruits in the whole chain, enhancing brand building awareness, supporting the main bodies of brands, expanding e-commerce, and strengthening the brand promotion. These countermeasures are beneficial to improving the overall competition capacity of fruit industry of Yunnan Province, and will provide reference for other provinces with similar brand building requirement.
Modern Agricultural Development and Rural Revitalization
