Biotechnology

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Effects of Ginkgo biloba Exocarp Extracts on Mulberry Leaf Growth, Physiological Indexes and Cocoon Quality

Xiaocong Zhang, Wanwen Yu, Jinfeng Cai, Ying Guo, Guibin Wang

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2020, 36 (10): 47-52. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191100842

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In this study, ‘Qiangsang No.1’ mulberry tree was used as a test material, and five different concentrations of Ginkgo biloba exocarp extracts treatment (A-E: 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 g/L) and one blank control treatment CK were set up by field foliar fertilization test. The effects of different treatments on physiological and biochemical indexes of mulberry leaves were analyzed. Further, the processed mulberry leaves were used to feed the silkworm, and the effect of the treated mulberry leaves on the quality of the silkworm pupa was analyzed. The results showed that the branch length, leaf length, net photosynthetic rate, mulberry leaf yield, total carbon content, total phosphorus content, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of mulberry trees reached the maximum at treatment C. Compared with the control, they increased by 20.12%, 24.71%, 18.37%, 32.99%, 20.69%, 21.00%, 24.88% and 42.82%, respectively. The leaf width, leaf area and total nitrogen content of mulberry leaves reach the maximum at treatment D. Compared with the control, they increased by 19.87%, 45.06% and 19.55%, respectively. The cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell rate reached the maximum at treatment C, which increased by 11.64%, 25.64% and 11.42%, respectively. The processing order based on the comprehensive evaluation of the membership function was C>D>E>B>A>CK, among them, treatment C (10 g/L) had the best effect on the growth of mulberry branches, the yield and quality of mulberry leaves, and the quality and quality of silkworm cocoons. In summary, appropriate concentration of Ginkgo biloba exocarp extracts treatment can significantly promote the growth of mulberry branches, improve mulberry yield and quality, and the yield and quality of silkworm cocoons obtained by feeding with treated mulberry leaves are also increased accordingly.

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Effect of Different Light Intensity on Browning of Rose (Rosa rugosa) Initially Cultured in vitro

Yang Bo, Han Zhenhai , Zhang Yong, Li Tianhong

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 194-194. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.0306194

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Rose (Rosa rugosa Thunb.) is an important ornamental, but the fast propagation system hasn’t been set up yet. In this paper, we studied the effect of different light intensity on browning of rose initially cultured in vitro. Our results showed that the browning index of rose decreased and the percentage of germination increased after field treatment, especially in the light intensity of 5,333±1,751 Lx. Compared with the light intensity of 5,333±1,751 Lx and 63,078±1,651 Lx, the activity of PPO of rose under natural light intensity showed no significant difference whereas the content of phenolic substances was much higher than those treated with shaded illumination. The co-efficiency analysis demonstrated that there was no obvious relation between the activity of phenol oxidase and content of phenolic substances.

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The Study Progress of eui Gene in Rice

Deng Hui Ming,Xiang Yan He Hao Hua

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 25-25. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030625

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The plant heigh gene—eui in rice was discovered by American scholar Rutger in 1981. This paper introduced the genetic research of eui gene, the functional expression of eui gene , the breeding technology of eui-hybrids of rice and so on. The application of eui gene in the future was put forward.

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Studies on Actions of Extract from Tephroseris Kirilowii Turcz. Holub to L1210 Cell Line in vitro

Chen Jinjun，, Wang Jianhua，Shi Zhicheng

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 29-29. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030629

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With a reference system of cyclophosphamide (CY), qu ercetin (QU) and monocrotaline (MO) which are in the category of compounds in Te phroseris kirilowii Turcz. Holub, the actions of the extract from T. kirilowii w ith 60% ethanol solution (EX) to murine L1210 cell were studied in vitro in the aspects of cellular culture curve and Trypan Blue resisting rate. The results sh owed that the subjects at concentrations of 1.0μg/ml（EX）、0.1μg/ml（MO）、1. 0μg/mL（QU） and 10.0μg/ml（CY）respectively gave certain effects against L121 0 cells in repression of proliferation velocity and vigor (p＜0.01).

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Recent Advances in Studies on Cold-induced-proteins and –genes of Plant

DING Guohua, QIN Zhiwei ZHOU Liyan

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 33-33. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030633

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The paper summarized the advances of the study on cold induced proteins and cold induced genes of plant in recent years, and discussed relation between the proteins and the genes and cold stress resistance of plant.

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Genotype Discrepancy Between Quality . Yield and Environment Reciprocity in Wheat of Different Use

Dai Kai-jun Lei Guo-chai zhang rui Liu Xin-lun

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 52-52. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030652

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The wheat have different standard on the constituent of protein、gluten、zeleny sedimentation volume, ect, for different use. The yield and quality of three varieties of wheat were studied in 9 different water and fertilizer treatment. The results show that there are significant difference in quality and yield of different genotype wheat. The yield and quality of wheat were mostly determined by the genotype, and water or fertilizer have significant effect on yield and grains quality. The variation of grains quality and yield of different genotype wheat are different to the water and fertilizer treatment.

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The Effect of Ae.kotschyi Cytoplasm on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Wheat

Zhan Ke-hui Ren Ya Wang Lian-hua Ma Su-qin

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 55-55. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030655

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The sterile lines with Ae.kotschyi cytoplasm (shortened:K-type) and their corresponding preserve lines, restoring lines and hybrids were used in this paper to study the difference in seed germination and seedling emergence between Ae.kotschyi cytoplasm and T.aestivum cytoplasm. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two cytoplasm in seed germination and seedling emergence of 3cm planting depth, but that it was different with different nuclear background in seedling emergence of 6cm planting depth —which of the sterile line Yumai No. 3 and its hybrid was a little higher, and which of the sterile line S43 and its hybrid was significantly lower.

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Study on Transgenic Bt Cotton Using Kanamycin as an Indirect Identification Technique Indoors

Zhu Jiabao,Yang Kesheng,Chan Yankun,Liu Fangzhi,Jiang Benli,Xu Daoqing

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 69-69. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030669

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A simple,cheap,and efficient technique for transgenic Bt cotton using kanamycin as an indirect identification marker in the laborotary is tested.The result showed that kanamycin could be used in the laborotary to test whether or not a plant is resistant.Seed of transgenic Bt cotton were cultured on sand bed containing 4000mg/L kanamycin solution for six days.The cotyledons of resistant varieties remained normal green color,whilst these of the commercial varieties all turned yellow.This technique is especially usful for the purity test of transgenic Bt cotton before the seed is sold. Meanwhile,the hypocotyls and fresh weigh of the cotton seedling were affected by the kanamycin in some degree.

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A study on breeding of early QPM Shaandan No.17

Yang Yingfu Li Yaowen Zhang Renhe Yue Ruiqian

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2003, 19 (6): 87-87. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.030687

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The early QPM shaandan No.17 was bred by high lysine line Y77(female) and QPM line Y76(male) in special maize office, college of Agriculture, NWSTUAF From 2000 to 2002, the experiment results including regional test, production test in Huanghuihai areas. Showed it had good characteristic of muti-resistance, Lys 0.46%, Pro 11.53%, early mature (it was six days than Nongda 108), Yield as well as normal maize, food and feeding dual purpose. The shaandan No.17 was recommitted to be authorized by National Committee of Crop Variety. It is fit for growing in shaanxi Province and Huanghuihai areas where planting corn in spring, summer. Authors alternatively used backcrossing and selfed crossing as main heterotic pattern of normal maize combination way improved huangaisi×Lancaster line and introduced subtropical germplasm into the parents boarding the germplasm base. Its way was excel and crossing material was new. Shaandan No.17 was the first-rate normal maize, food maize, feeding maize respectively and the second-rate QPM and would be the new released QPM variety instead of main cultivars.

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Competitive Inhibition from CYP 1A2 in Rat Liver Microsomes by Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Chen Jinjun, Kong Qingbo, Nie Fanghong, Nigel J. Bunce

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2004, 20 (1): 3-3. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.040103

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) fall into the category of halogenated aromatic compounds (HACs) or dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) and are highly lipophilic environmental contaminants. Metabolism of DLCs generally involves monooxygenase enzymes of the CYP 1A family in which CYP 1A2 specifically exists in hepatocytes and is mainly responsible for much more toxic reactions of xenobiotics. In this work, we have examined the role of numerous PCBs as inhibitors of the demethylation of 7-methoxyresorufin, a process that is selectively catalyzed by CYP1A2. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorobenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 3,3’,4,4’-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77) and 3,3’,4,4’,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) were found to be the strongest inhibitors of methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase （MROD） activity, thus accounting for the high ability of hepatic tissue to selectively sequester these compounds.

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Application of Ion Beam Bio-technology in Rice Genetic Improvement

Wang Songli，Ｗang Ｈongyan,Huang Qunce

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2004, 20 (1): 14-14. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.040114

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The development of ion beam bio-technology is briefly summarized，and its basic principle and characteristics are described.It is analyzed in rice genetic improvement about the mutagenic effect and the transgenic effect of ion beam bio-technology，and it is thought that a novel situation of production and breeding in rice will be initiated by ion beam bio-technology.

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Insect Resistance Identification of sck Transgenic Rice in Paddy-field

He Longfei, Lu Shengan, Li Chuangzhen, Yang Jiangguo, Wang Aiqin, Yi Xiaoping

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2004, 20 (1): 21-21. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.040121

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Using sck transgenic rice, such as M81, R527, C162, Qiu B, D62B, and its controls as the materials, we investigated and identified their resistance to stem borer in the field. The results were showed as follows. Compared with the control, the resistant abilities to stem borer of all sck transgenic rice materials planted in paddy-field during early crops and late crops increased distinctly using dead heart plant index and white head plant index as identification indices. All of them had middle or high resistant abilities to stem borer, but all controls were middle sensitive or sensitive to stem borer. The results gained from dead heart plant index and white head plant index, early crops and late crops were similar. We can use dead heart plant index or white head plant index as identification index in early crops or late crops in stem borer resistance identification in the future.

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The Application of mRNA Differential Display in Isolation of Genes in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Cheng Yanjun, ，Gao Dongying, Liu Aimin，Tao Lan

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2004, 20 (1): 29-29. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.040129

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mRNA differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（DDRT-PCR）is an effective technology in isolation and cloning genes in molecular biology. The primary principle, superiorities, shortages, and technological improvements were reviewed, and this paper mainly focuses on the application of the technology in the isolation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genes.

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The Application of Ion Beam Bio-technology on Wheat Genetic Improvement

Xuan Yun,Wang Huifeng, Huang Qunce ,Qin Guangyong,Huo Yuping

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2004, 20 (1): 32-32. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.040132

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Presented in this paper is a summary of the mechanism of mutation breeding induced by ion beam, the achievement of wheat genetic improvement by ion beam implantation, as well as an analysis of the ways to improve the efficiency of mutation breeding by ion beam implantation.

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Programmed Death in Plant Cell

Cao Hui, Wang XiaoWei, Han Zhenhai, Xu Xuefeng

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2004, 20 (1): 37-37. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.040137

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