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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (23): 36-40.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-3194

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染

• 畜牧 动物医学 蚕 蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

义乌市畜禽养殖粪便污染风险评价

周维明 李敏 毛红瑞 吴春艳   

  • 收稿日期:2011-11-01 修回日期:2012-01-18 出版日期:2012-08-15 发布日期:2012-08-15

Pollution Risk Evaluation of Livestock and Poultry Excrement in Yiwu City

  • Received:2011-11-01 Revised:2012-01-18 Online:2012-08-15 Published:2012-08-15

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摘要：

为了了解和掌握义乌市畜禽养殖业现状及其污染情况，提出相应的污染防治措施及办法，通过义乌市畜禽养殖业污染源的普查结果，根据国内畜禽粪尿产排污系数估算了义乌市2007年主要畜禽粪便排放总量及其氮、磷养分含量。结果表明，2007年义乌市主要畜禽粪便排放总量为16.6万t，尿排放总量为48.5万t，折算成总氮0.18万t，总磷348.59 t，COD 3.16万t，铜1.10万t，锌2.07万t。不同畜禽中，猪的畜禽排放量最高，占义乌市排放总量的78.3%；尿的排放总量构成中，生猪的排放量最高，占总量的99.8%。不同镇街中以义亭镇的畜禽粪便排放总量最高，占全市排放总量的39.4%。

关键词: 小麦, 小麦, 近红外透射光谱分析技术, 马氏距离, 偏最小二乘, 光谱预处理

Abstract:

To investigate the status and pollution situation of livestock and poultry breeding industry in Yiwu City and put forward the corresponding measures, annual total excrement from main livestock/poultry and nitrogen, phosphorus content in which were evaluated based on the agricultural pollution census data and poultry waste emission coefficient in urine. The study showed that, gross livestock/poultry excrement in 2007 comprises of 16.6×104 tons of feces and 48.5×104 tons of urine. The total livestock/poultry excrement contained 0.18×104 tons total N, 348.59 tons total P, 3.16×104 tons COD, 1.10×104 tons Cu, and 2.07×104 tons Zn. Among the main livestock/poultry, pigs excreted the highest amount of feces, accounting for 78.3% of the total excrement; the livestock/poultry urine was also produced by pigs, accounting for 99.8%. The highest amount of livestock/poultry excrement came from Yiting town, accounting for 39.4%.