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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (13): 77-83.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.20190700423

所属专题: 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海牧草对气候变化的响应

韩有香1,2(), 刘彩红3(), 李国山4   

  1. 1青海省果洛州久治县气象局,青海果洛 814499
    2青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,西宁 810001
    3青海省气候中心,西宁 810001
    4青海省果洛州达日县气象局,青海果洛814299
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-14 修回日期:2021-03-26 出版日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘彩红
  • 作者简介:韩有香,女,1975年出生,青海湟中县人,副高级工程师,本科,主要从事综合地面气象观测和气候变化研究工作。通信地址:814499 青海省久治县气象局,E-mail:545277381@qq.com

Response of Herbage to Climate Change in Qinghai

Han Youxiang1,2(), Liu Caihong3(), Li Guoshan4   

  1. 1Qinghai Province Guoluo Prefecture Jiuzhi County Meteorological Bureau, Qinghai Guoluo 814499
    2Qinghai Provincial Disaster Prevention and Reduction Key Laboratory, Xining 810001
    3Qinghai Climate Center, Xining 810001
    4Qinghai Guoluo Prefecture Dari County Meteorological Bureau, Qinghai Guoluo 814299
  • Received:2019-07-14 Revised:2021-03-26 Online:2021-05-05 Published:2021-05-18
  • Contact: Liu Caihong

摘要:

为更好地了解气候变化对牧草的影响,采用线性趋势法和相关性分析,研究青海牧草的高度、覆盖度、产量、返青期和黄枯期以及影响因子。结果表明,6—8月牧草的高度和覆盖度均以不同的速率呈上升趋势,6月和7月的牧草产量以不同的速率呈增产趋势,8月的牧草产量呈减产趋势。返青期以-0.65 d/10 a的速率提前,枯黄期以0.15 d/10 a的速率推迟,牧草生长期延长;其中班玛、甘德、久治、玛沁、海晏、清水河、天峻和同德地区的牧草生长期延长,其他地区的牧草生长期缩短。冬季气温、6月下旬气温和8月风速是影响沱沱河地区牧草的主要因子;9月蒸发、秋季最低气温和6月≥10℃的积温是影响甘德地区牧草的主要因子;气温、2月0 cm地温和9月≥0℃的积温是影响天峻地区牧草的主要因子。

关键词: 牧草, 青海, 气候变化, 响应, 生长季, 线性趋势

Abstract:

Based on linear trend analysis and correlation analysis, we studied the height, coverage, yield, turning green period and yellow withering period of herbage and the influencing factors of climate change on herbage in Qinghai. The results show that the height and coverage of forages increase at different rates from July to August, the herbage production increases at different rates in June and July. The herbage production presents a decreasing trend in August. The rejuvenation period is advanced at a rate of -0.65 d/10 a. The yellow withering period is delayed at the rate of 0.15 d/10 a. The growth period of herbage is prolonged. In Banma, Gande, Jiuzhi, Maqên, Haiyan, Qingshuihe, Tianjun and Tongde, the growing period of herbage is extended, and in other areas, the growing season is shortened. Winter temperature, temperature in late June and wind speed in August are the main factors influencing herbage in the Tuotuo River area. Evaporation in September, the minimum air temperature in autumn and the accumulated temperature in June ≥10℃ are the main factors affecting herbage in Gande area. The air temperature, the ground temperature of 0cm in February and the accumulated temperature of ≥0℃ in September are the main factors affecting the forage in Tianjun area.

Key words: herbage, Qinghai, climate change, response, growth season, linear trend

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