关键词: 气温, 气温, 蒸发量, 变化趋势, 突变分析, 原阳

Abstract: The study aims to reduce blast damage and the use of pesticides residue, environment pollution and control costs, and to make a significant contribution to ensuring rice and grain production, grain quality and trade and agricultural ecological environment safety. Over these years, by the methods of systematical monitoring, regular surveys, field investigation, rice blast resistance identification, physiological sampling inspection of morbidity plant, experiment and meteorological data analysis, the study on comprehensive prevention and control technology of rice blast in Nanchong city was carried out. The results showed that the higher the degree of rice blast disease sensitivity, the heavier occurrence of the disease would be. Replacing the main varieties resistance sources each 3-5 years and a well-planned variety distribution would make multi resistance source be the group head which can effectively reduce the prevalence of rice blast. In the study we firstly discovered that rice variety mixture was good for preventing the rice blast. The measures such as straw treatment, overwintering pathogen source treatment before planting, health cultivation, soaking seed with medicine and planting with medicine can reduce the occurrence of rice blast. It was necessary to find out the prevention time and number of rice blast, especially in heavy occur year the prevention should be carried twice in the early break to heading time, otherwise, it would cause serious loss. The effect and appropriate dosage of 75% Tricyclazole (Fengdeng) was proved, and the prevention effect and significant difference of 4% kasugamycin, 20% Tricyclazole and 100 billion/g of Bacillus subtilis to leaf blast and neck blast were also proved. Meanwhile, the effect and evaluation of 2%·800 million/g Jinggangmycin- wax bud bacteria, 41% kasugamycin- isoprothiolane with 3 treatments, 5% Tricyclazole (contrast medicament1) and 40% isoprothiolane (contrast medicament2) to prevent neck blast were found out. Effective prevention and emergency prevention and control could significantly improve the control effect, and put the large area control into practice. Since 1997, the frequency of heavy occurrence reached to 50.0% in Nanchong city. Through the measures of comprehensive prevention and control technology, the rice blast was effectively controlled and the actual loss rate was controlled below 2% which reduced the application of pesticide of 4523 t in total. In 2014, 327000 t rice and 44129.1 hm2 of rice base gained pollution- free, green and organic agricultural products certification. The economic, social and ecological benefit was obvious.