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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (16): 66-71.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15010239

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

茉莉酸甲酯对高寒地区设施延后栽培葡萄生理的影响

解振宇,杨江山   

  1. (甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州 730070）
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-30 修回日期:2016-05-16 接受日期:2016-04-05 出版日期:2016-06-17 发布日期:2016-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 杨江山
  • 基金资助:
    兰州市科技计划项目“设施延后栽培葡萄优良新品种引进筛选与优质丰产栽培技术研究”(2014-2-24)；农业部公益性行业（农业）专项“西北非耕地园艺作物生态高效技术研究与示范”(201203095)。

Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on Physiology of Delayed Culture Grape in Alpine Greenhouse

Xie Zhenyu, Yang Jiangshan   

  1. (College of Horticulture, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070)
  • Received:2015-01-30 Revised:2016-05-16 Accepted:2016-04-05 Online:2016-06-17 Published:2016-06-17

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摘要： 在高寒地区设施延后栽培葡萄生产中，为降低不利气候的影响，提高葡萄植株抵御灾害的能力，研究茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理对转色期葡萄抗性的影响。以‘红地球’葡萄为试材，设置了0(CK)、0.001、0.01、0.1 mmol/L 4种茉莉酸甲酯处理浓度，在葡萄转色期（11月上旬）对叶片喷施后，进行相关指标的测定。研究结果表明，0.001 mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯处理，葡萄叶片中叶绿素含量降低了23.5%（叶绿素a降低29%，叶绿素b变化不显著）；其净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速度分别比对照减少14.9%、22.4%、12.5%；叶片中丙二醛的含量减少；SOD、POD、CAT酶的活性分别增强了23%、41%、62%；脯氨酸含量上升。0.01 mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯处理，使细胞膜电导率降低了25.5%；并提高SOD酶活性58%。外源施入茉莉酸甲酯能有效防止细胞膜的过氧化反应，抑制了植物的光合作用，增强保护性酶的活性，提高了其抵抗逆境的能力。

关键词: 辐照, 辐照, 芒草, NaOH处理, 酶解, 木质纤维素

Abstract: In order to enhance the resistance of grape in bad environment, the authors conducted an experiment to study the grape leaves treated with MeJA in the veraison of delayed culture grape in greenhouses of alpine region. Four concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 mmol/L MeJA were sprayed on the leaves of ‘Red Globe’ in early November, then, relative indicators were measured. The results showed that 0.001 mmol/L MeJA reduced the content of chlorophyll about 23.5% (chlorophyll a reduced 29%, chlorophyll b did not change significantly), the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate decreased by 14.9%, 22.4%, 12.5%, meanwhile the content of MDA was reduced; the activity of SOD, POD, CAT increased by 23%, 41%, 62% and the content of praline also increased. 0.01 mmol/L MeJA reduced the electrical conductivity of cell membrane by 25.5% and increased the activity of SOD by 58%. Exogenous MeJA can effectively protect the cell membrane from making peroxidation, inhibit the photosynthesis, heighten the activity of protective enzymes and improve the plant’s ability against injure.

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