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中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 1-5.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080089

所属专题: 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

不同基蘖穗肥配比对水稻氮素吸收及利用的影响

鲁伟林,余新春,严德远,扶定,徐士库,沈光辉   

  1. 信阳市农业科学院,信阳市农业科学院,信阳市农业科学院,信阳市农业科学院,信阳市农业科学院,信阳市农业科学院
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-18 修回日期:2015-10-20 接受日期:2015-10-23 出版日期:2017-02-04 发布日期:2017-02-04
  • 通讯作者: 鲁伟林
  • 基金资助:
    国家农业科技成果转化资金项目“高产多抗杂交稻新组合冈优5330中试与示范”(2013GB2D000291),“高产优质杂交糯稻嘉糯Ⅰ优721试验与示范”(2014D00000063);国家水稻产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-61);河南省水稻产业技术体系建设专项资金(Z2012-04-01);河南省重大科技专项“豫南稻区‘籼改粳’技术研究与产业化”(121100110200);河南省科技攻关计划项目“水稻优异种质资源创制及强优势杂交稻新品种选育研究”(122102113109),“高产优质杂交稻新组合培育与示范”(142102110029)。

Effects of Different Ratios of Base-tiller-ear Fertilizer on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Rice

  • Received:2015-08-18 Revised:2015-10-20 Accepted:2015-10-23 Online:2017-02-04 Published:2017-02-04

摘要: 研究水稻基蘖肥和穗肥最佳配比模式,合理施用氮肥,为氮肥高效利用提供理论依据。在总施氮量一定的条件下,采用基蘖肥与穗肥不同的5个氮素配比,分析了水稻氮素吸收及利用情况。随着穗肥施用量的增加,氮素收获指数呈下降趋势;水稻叶片和茎鞘的氮素转运量、氮素转运率、氮素转运贡献率以及水稻氮生理效率、氮肥效率、氮肥吸收效率、氮肥利用率、氮肥表现利用率、氮肥农艺利用率、氮肥生理利用率、氮肥偏生产力、土壤氮素依存率均表现出先增加,随后降低的趋势,均以处理6:4为最高。产量与氮素转运贡献率、氮肥效率和氮肥农艺利用率达到极显著正相关,与氮素转运率和氮肥生理利用率达到显著正相关;穗数与氮素收获指数达到极显著正相关;每穗颖花数与氮素转运率达到显著正相关,与氮肥偏生产力达到显著负相关;千粒重与氮肥生理利用率达到显著负相关,与氮肥偏生产力达到极显著正相关。因此,氮素基蘖穗肥以6:4的施肥方式为最佳施肥配比,可以达到优化群体、获得高产的目的。

关键词: 植被指数变化, 植被指数变化, 海南岛, 典型植被, 气候变化, EVI

Abstract: In order to rationally apply nitrogen fertilizer and provide theoretical basis for efficient utilization of nitrogen fertilizer, the optimum ratio of base-tiller-ear fertilizer of rice was studied. The study designed 5 ratios of base-tiller-ear fertilizer with the same total nitrogen amount and analyzed the nitrogen absorption and utilization of rice. The results showed that the nitrogen harvest index showed a downward trend with the increase of ear fertilizer. Nitrogen translocation amount, nitrogen translocation efficiency, nitrogen translocation contribution rate of rice leaves and stems, nitrogen physiological efficiency, nitrogen efficiency, nitrogen uptake efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen behavior use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic use efficiency, nitrogen physiological use efficiency, nitrogen partial productivity and soil nitrogen dependency rate of rice increased firstly and then decreased, and reached the maximum at 6:4. Grain yield showed a significantly positive correlation with the nitrogen translocation contribution rate, the nitrogen efficiency and the nitrogen agronomic use efficiency, and showed a positive correlation with the nitrogen translocation efficiency and the nitrogen physiological use efficiency; the spike number showed a significantly positive correlation with the nitrogen harvest index. Glumous flower number of per spike showed a positive correlation with the nitrogen translocation efficiency, and showed a negative correlation with the nitrogen partial productivity. Thousand seed weight showed a negative correlation with the nitrogen physiological use efficiency and showed a significant positive correlation with the nitrogen partial productivity. Therefore, the optimum ratio of base-tiller fertilizer was 6:4, which could achieve the purpose of optimizing the group and obtaining high yield.

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