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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (30): 144-150.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050124

所属专题： 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

江西脐橙高温低湿灾害气候特征及原因分析

谢远玉,刘云香,黄 莹   

  1. (赣州市气象局,江西赣州 341000）
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-20 修回日期:2016-07-05 接受日期:2016-07-22 出版日期:2016-10-31 发布日期:2016-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 谢远玉
  • 基金资助:
    江西省科技厅科技支撑项目“赣南脐橙高温低湿灾害监测预警与气候风险区划”(20132BBF60084)；江西省气象局面上科研项目“赣南脐橙高温低湿灾害性天气的预报方法研究”(JXQX2015M13)。

The Climatic Features and Cause Analysis of High Temperature and Low HumidityDuring Physiological Fruit Drop of Navel Orange in Jiangxi Province

Xie Yuanyu, Liu Yunxiang, Huang Ying   

  1. (Ganzhou Meteorological Bureau, Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000)
  • Received:2016-05-20 Revised:2016-07-05 Accepted:2016-07-22 Online:2016-10-31 Published:2016-10-31

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442

摘要： 为研究脐橙生理落果期的高温低湿气象灾害，利用1961—2013年江西省87个气象台站脐橙生理落果期逐日平均气温、最高气温、相对湿度等资料，分析高温低湿灾害的气候特征；对1981—2013年高温低湿日数与西太平洋副热带高压环流指数进行统计相关分析。结果表明：近53年江西省高温低湿日数呈明显增加趋势，21世纪前高温低湿日数总体变化不大，但21世纪后显著增多。江西高温低湿灾害易发区主要在赣南和赣东北。高温低湿灾害日数在20世纪末出现了由少变多的显著突变，突变后高温低湿灾害日数比突变前增多2.4天。近53年脐橙生理落果期气温明显升高，空气湿度显著减小，气温升高、空气湿度减小是导致脐橙高温低湿灾害增多的主要原因。高温低湿日数与西太平洋副高指数密切相关，3月脊线位置北抬，5月西伸脊点偏东，高温低湿日数都将明显增多。

关键词: 昆虫, 昆虫, 温度, 水分, CO2, 光照

Abstract: Based on daily average temperature, maximum temperature and relative humidity data from 87 weather stations in Jiangxi Province, this paper analyzed climatic features of high temperature and low humidity during physiological fruit drop of navel orange, and examined the relationships between days of high temperature and low humidity with western Pacific subtropical anyticyclone to find out the cause of drought during physiological fruit drop of navel orange. The results showed that days of high temperature and low humidity showed an increasing trend in Jiangxi from 1981 to 2013, and had a significant increase in 2000s, but no significant increase was observed before 2000. The high temperature and low humidity-prone areas were located in southern and northeastern of Jiangxi. The Mann-Kendall test results showed that there were abrupt changes of high temperature and low humidity in the end of 20th century. The days of high temperature and low humidity after 2000 was 2.4 days more than that before 2000. There was a close relationship between days of high temperature and low humidity with western Pacific subtropical anyticyclone. The days of high temperature and low humidity increased dramatically when western Pacific subtropical anyticyclone ridge shifted northward in March and eastward in May.