欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (29): 95-102.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090061

所属专题： 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

降水对武汉2次空气污染过程的湿清除特征

李德俊1,熊守权1,柳 草2,熊 洁1   

  1. (1湖北气象服务中心,武汉 430205；2武汉中心气象台,武汉 430074）
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-12 修回日期:2017-09-25 接受日期:2017-01-18 出版日期:2017-10-24 发布日期:2017-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 李德俊
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划全球变化及应对重点专项“云水资源评估研究及应用示范”(2016YFA0601700)；我国大气重污染累积与天气气候过程的双向反馈机制研究重点专项“四川盆地、长江中下游及东北平原重污染过程大气污染物与低层气象要素垂直结构及其时空演变研究”(2016YFC0203304)；湖北省气象局科技发展基金“湖北不同云系增雨作业概念模型研究”(2016Y06)、“武汉市空气污染物浓度等级下降的降水阈值研究”(2016Q16)。

Wet Scavenging Characteristic of Precipitation in Two Air Pollution Processes in Wuhan

Li Dejun1, Xiong Shouquan1, Liu Cao2, Xiong Jie1   

  1. (1Hubei Meteorological Service Center, Wuhan 430205; 2Wuhan Central Meteorological Observatory, Wuhan 430074)
  • Received:2016-09-12 Revised:2017-09-25 Accepted:2017-01-18 Online:2017-10-24 Published:2017-10-24

摘要： 为了研究降水对空气中污染物冲刷作用，利用2014年秋季发生在武汉市2次持续性空气污染过程的地面空气质量、气象观测和雨滴谱等监测资料，对比分析了不同类型降水对雾霾天气中污染物的湿清除特征。结果表明：（1）这2次过程首要污染物均为颗粒污染物PM，在均压场天气条件下，污染物不易扩散，容易累积叠加，导致“09.26——29”和“11.13——24”2次重度雾霾天气过程，过程末期由于分别受对流云和层状云降水的冲刷，各污染物浓度迅速下降，空气质量显著好转；（2）“09.26——29”过程后期受对流云降水影响，对各污染物清除效果依次是PM10、PM2.5颗粒污染物最好，O3、SO2和NO2次之，最差的是CO，而受层状云降水影响的“11.13——24”过程，对各污染物清除效果依次是PM2.5、PM10最好，NO2、SO2和CO次之，最差的是O3；（3）通过这2个过程分析，不同类型降水对应的平均碰并系数E也不同，武汉地区对流云和层状云降水对气溶胶的平均碰并系数分别可取0.33~0.43和0.25~0.35。

关键词: 蜡蚧轮枝菌, 蜡蚧轮枝菌, 固态发酵, 基质配方, 榕管蓟马

Abstract: To study the scavenging effect of precipitation on pollutants in the air, the comparative analysis of wet scavenging characteristic of different types of precipitation were investigated by using the air pollution monitoring data, surface meteorological observation data and rain spectrum monitoring data during two air pollution events in Wuhan in November 2014. The results showed: (1) The main pollutants in the two events were PM pollutants, and under the condition of stable atmospheric stratification and slight wind ,the air pollutants were difficult to spread and easy to accumulate, leading to "09.26-29" and "11.13-24" two severe air pollution process, until influenced by the convective clouds precipitation and stratiform cloud precipitation respectively ,the pollutant concentrations decreased rapidly and the air quality has been significantly improved. (2) In the later period of "09.26-29" process, which was influenced by the convective clouds precipitation, the wet scavening effects on PM10, PM2.5 were best, the effect on O3, SO2 and NO2 was the second, and the effect on CO was the worst, while in "11.13-24" process, which was influenced by the stratiform clouds precipitation, the wet scavening effects on PM2.5、PM10 were best, and the effect on O3 was the worst. (3) Through the analysis of the two process, the two average scavenging coefficient E corresponding to different types of precipitation were different, the E of convective clouds precipitation and stratiform clouds precipitation were 0.32-0.42, 0.25- 0.35 in Wuhan Area, respectively.