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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (34): 32-39.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100085

所属专题： 油料作物； 园艺

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

双低杂交油菜丰油10号干物质积累及养分吸收规律

曹金华,王建平,朱家成,张书芬,文雁成,何俊平,赵磊,蔡东芳,王东国   

  1. 河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-21 修回日期:2016-12-23 接受日期:2017-01-20 出版日期:2017-12-07 发布日期:2017-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 朱家成
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“国家油菜产业技术体系建设”(CARS-13)；国家自然科学基金项目“油菜种质资源抗旱性鉴定技术 体系构建及耐旱分子机理解析”(31271763)；河南省重大科技专项“芝麻油菜新品种选育与机械化生产技术研究”(151100111200)。

Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Absorption of Double-low Hybrid Rapeseed Variety ‘Fengyou No. 10’

  • Received:2016-10-21 Revised:2016-12-23 Accepted:2017-01-20 Online:2017-12-07 Published:2017-12-07

摘要： 为了解双低杂交油菜新品种‘丰油10 号’养分吸收利用规律，以‘丰油10 号’为材料，在河南油菜主产区进行田间试验，分析了油菜各器官干物质积累量以及成熟期氮、磷、钾、硫、硼养分的累积量。结果表明：油菜全株干物质积累量随生育进程的推进呈“S”形变化曲线，蕾薹期至花期呈快速增长趋势；油菜籽粒产量与苗期干物质积累量呈抛物线关系(R2=0.9798**)，与开花期-成熟期干物质净增量呈显著线性关系(R=0.9879**)。籽粒是氮、磷的分配中心，分别占总吸收量的73.32%和75.16%；钾主要分布在茎枝和角果壳中，籽粒中钾素仅占总吸收量的21.31%；硫主要分布在角果壳和籽粒中；硼元素主要分布在茎枝和籽粒中，占总吸收量的69.89%；根中各养分分布均最少，分配比例也最低。新品种‘丰油10 号’地上部分与全株干物质积累量均随生育时期的推进呈现“慢—快—慢”的变化曲线，根、茎、叶中的养分N和P在花期后会转移到籽粒中，因此，油菜花期前保证充足的养分供给是高产的前提。

关键词: 气候变化, 气候变化, 突变点, 小波分析, 甘肃省

Abstract: To study nutrient absorption and utilization of double-low hybrid rape new variety‘Fengyou No.10’ (Brassica napus L.), we conducted a field experiment in the main rapeseed producing area of Henan with ‘Fengyou No.10’as material, and examined the dry matter accumulation in the whole growth period and N, P, K, S and B absorption in different organs at mature stage. The results showed that dry matter accumulation of whole plant showed S-type curve with the growth process, presenting a trend of rapid growth from bolting period to flowering stage, as well as a parabolic relationship (R2=0.9798**) between grain yield and dry matter accumulation in the seedling stage, and a significant linear relationship between grain yield and net increase of dry matter accumulation from flowering stage to mature stage (R2=0.9879**). Both N and P were mostly distributed in grain, which was respectively 73.32% and 75.16% of the total uptake. K content was mainly distributed in stems and pods, and K content in grains took up only 21.31% of the total uptake, S content was mainly distributed in pods and grains, B content of stems and grains was higher, accounting for 69.89% of the total uptake. The amounts of N, P, K, S and B in root were the least, and the distribution ratios were the lowest. Dry matter accumulation both in the upper part and in the whole plant of‘Fengyou No.10’showed a“slowfast-slow”change curve with the growth process. Accumulation of N and P in roots and stems and leaves could be transferred to the grain after flowering. So, sufficient fertilizer supply before flowering stage is the guarantee of high yield.