微区尺度下探索缓效氮不同添加比例对玉米专用肥的肥效影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120106

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (27): 8-13.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16120106

所属专题：玉米

微区尺度下探索缓效氮不同添加比例对玉米专用肥的肥效影响

武忠,王琦,范定慷,王永亮,张强

山西省农科院玉米研究所,山西大学生物工程学院,山西大学生物工程学院,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所

收稿日期:2016-12-23 修回日期:2017-03-01 接受日期:2017-03-14 出版日期:2017-10-09 发布日期:2017-10-09
通讯作者: 张强
基金资助:
国家国际科技合作专项项目“内陆盐碱土改良利用调控机理与技术合作研究”(2015DFA90990)；山西省科技攻关项目“春玉米密植高产条件下抗倒防衰机制及途径研究”(20140311002-3)；山西省农业科学院博士基金项目“高氮型玉米缓控专用肥的研制与应用”(YBSJJ1309)；山西省农业科学院博士基金项目“基于CIS平台的区域配方肥研制”(YBSJJ1310)。

Effect of Slow-release Nitrogen Proportion on Maize Specific Fertilizer Under Micro Region Scale

Received:2016-12-23 Revised:2017-03-01 Accepted:2017-03-14 Online:2017-10-09 Published:2017-10-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过田间微区埋袋试验，研究玉米专用肥中缓效氮成分不同添加比例对春玉米产量和氮素利用效率的影响,同时探讨对盐渍土壤环境变化的影响，以期找出在山西晋北轻度盐碱地上玉米生产中适合的专用肥缓效氮添加比例。结果表明：配施缓效氮不仅能够显著增加玉米干物质的积累，促进玉米对氮素的吸收，大幅增加玉米的产量，而且能有效降低土壤pH值。其中， 33%缓效氮处理比普通尿素处理产量增加48.72%，成熟期玉米吸氮量和干物质积累量分别增加40.92%和21.60%。配施缓效氮能显著提高春玉米的氮素利用率，其中缓效氮添加比例为33%和50%处理分别比普通尿素处理提高30.90%和15.49%。通过添加缓效氮，土壤pH值的最大降幅为0.45个单位。综上所述，在山西晋北区域轻度盐碱耕地玉米专用肥中添加33%缓效氮，可以使氮素释放与玉米对氮素的吸收相吻合，在保证玉米高产的同时对土壤环境也有所改善。

关键词: 高粱, 高粱, 通用性, SSR, EST-SSR, 割手密

Abstract: Micro region burying bag tests were conducted to study the effect of slow- release nitrogen proportion on nitrogen use efficiency of maize specific fertilizer and spring maize yield, as well as that on saline-alkali soil environment, aiming to find out the suitable application proportion of slow-release nitrogen in north Shanxi. The results showed that the application of slow-release nitrogen could increase dry matter accumulation of maize and promote nitrogen uptake, significantly increase the yield of maize, and decrease soil pH value. Among them, the yield of 33% slow-release nitrogen treatment increased by 48.72% compared with that of urea treatment, nitrogen uptake amount and dry matter accumulation amount increased by 40.92% and 21.60%, respectively in mature period. The nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize significantly increased with the application of slow-release nitrogen, compared with the urea treatments, the use efficiency of 33% and 50% slow-release nitrogen treatment increased by 30.90% and 15.49%, respectively. After the application of slow- release nitrogen, pH value decreased by 0.45 units at most. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, adding 33% slow-release nitrogen in maize specific fertilizer could match nitrogen release and nitrogen uptake of maize, ensure high yield and improve soil environment.

中图分类号:

武忠,王琦,范定慷,王永亮,张强. 微区尺度下探索缓效氮不同添加比例对玉米专用肥的肥效影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(27): 8-13.

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微区尺度下探索缓效氮不同添加比例对玉米专用肥的肥效影响

Effect of Slow-release Nitrogen Proportion on Maize Specific Fertilizer Under Micro Region Scale

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