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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (24): 52-56.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17050031

所属专题： 棉花

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

微咸水对滴灌棉花冠层光合特征及产量品质的影响

马君,师维军,郭仁松,林涛,崔建平,徐海江   

  1. 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-08 修回日期:2017-06-13 接受日期:2017-06-23 出版日期:2017-09-05 发布日期:2017-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 郭仁松
  • 基金资助:
    农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201504)；农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503117)。

Saline Water: Effects on Canopy Photosynthetic Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Cotton Under Drip Irrigation

师维军,,,崔建平 and   

  • Received:2017-05-08 Revised:2017-06-13 Accepted:2017-06-23 Online:2017-09-05 Published:2017-09-05

摘要： 为探讨微咸水对新疆膜下滴灌棉花影响效果,利用排碱渠微咸水与河水混合方式,以河水为对照(CK),设置3g/L和5g/L两个微咸水矿化度,研究微咸水对滴灌棉花冠层光合特征及产量品质的影响。结果表明：灌溉初期微咸水对棉花影响不明显,至盛花期影响逐渐增强,与对照相比,微咸水滴灌使棉花LAI、MTA、Pn均降低,且5g/L降幅大于3g/L,而3g/L蒸腾速率和气孔导度高于CK和5g/L。微咸水滴灌使棉花产量降低,3g/L下降不明显,5g/L则显著下降,主要原因是单株铃数显著下降,而单铃重呈增加趋势,衣分无明显变化。微咸水对纤维长度和比强度无显著影响,但马克隆值显著增大。因此,低矿化度的微咸水在新疆棉花生产中可适当使用,是缓解棉花旱情实现稳产高产的重要途径。

关键词: 设施农业, 设施农业, 低温冻害, 风险分析

Abstract: To explore the effects of saline water on cotton under mulch drip irrigation in Xinjiang, the authors used the mixing of saline water from alkali discharge canal with river water, set river water as the control (CK) and two treatments of saline water salinities of 3 g/L and 5 g/L, to study the effects of saline water drip irrigation on cotton canopy photosynthetic characteristics and cotton yield and quality. The results showed that the effects of saline water irrigation on cotton at early flowering stage was not obvious, and gradually increased to the full-blossom stage; compared with the control, saline water drip irrigation decreased cotton LAI, MTA and Pn, and the decreasing effect of 5 g/L treatment was more than that of 3 g/L treatment, but the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of 3 g/L treatment was higher than that of CK and 5 g/L. Saline water drip irrigation decreased cotton yield, 3 g/L treatment had less obvious effect than 5 g/L treatment, the main reason was the number of bolls per plant decreased significantly, while boll weight increased, and lint percentage had no obvious change. Saline water had no significant effect on the fiber length and specific strength, but the Micronaire value increased significantly. Therefore, low saline water can be used in cotton production in Xinjiang to alleviate the drought and achieve high and stable yield.