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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (21): 56-60.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010127

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省东部低山区刺五加种植土壤剖面描述及性状分析

李思聪1, 张志博1, 徐 欣1, 李华芝1, 陈一民2, 隋跃宇2, 焦晓光1   

  1. 1.黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院;2.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-25 修回日期:2019-07-12 接受日期:2019-03-25 出版日期:2019-08-13 发布日期:2019-08-13
  • 通讯作者: 焦晓光
  • 基金资助:
    哈尔滨市应用技术研究与开发优秀学科带头人项目“刺五加适宜地评价及生态培育关键技术集成与示范”(2017RAXYJ020)；黑龙江大学 创业训练项目“刺五加人工栽培丰产施肥方案开发与推广创业训练”(201810212127)。

Profiles of Acanthopanax senticosus Planting Soil in Eastern Low Mountainous Areas of Heilongjiang: Description and Character Analysis

  • Received:2019-01-25 Revised:2019-07-12 Accepted:2019-03-25 Online:2019-08-13 Published:2019-08-13

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摘要： 刺五加因其药用价值高被大量采挖，致使刺五加资源状况遭到了严重破坏。探究刺五加适宜生长的土壤，将为其人工驯化提供一定的理论依据。本研究以七台河市连续多年种植刺五加土壤为研究对象，采用化学分析方法，测定了典型刺五加生长土壤剖面土壤化学性状。结果表明：刺五加适宜生长土壤颗粒组成以砂粒为主在60%以上，其次为粉粒在20%以上，孔隙度较高，表层多为粒状结构，深层多为块状结构，土壤温度在0℃~8℃之间、土壤含水量在40%~60%之间。土壤表层有机质含量较高为46.51~58.83 g/kg，占整个土壤剖面有机质含量的50.0%~59.6%，表层全氮含量相对较高为2.18~2.51 g/kg，占整个剖面全氮含量的35.1%~36.5%，垂直剖面的特点为有机质含量随土层深度的增加呈现一个骤降的趋势，全氮含量随土层深度增加呈降低趋势。而土壤表层全磷含量较低在0.21~0.44 g/kg之间，表层全磷含量占整个剖面的42.0%~49.4%。土壤的pH值在5.75~5.97之间，呈弱酸性至中性，全磷含量、pH并没有表现出明显的垂直变化规律。刺五加适应生长土壤质地疏松，多以砂壤土为主，土壤温度状况为冷性、土壤水分状况为湿润，土壤较肥沃，表层土壤有机质及全氮含量较高，土壤呈弱酸性至中性。

关键词: 萝卜, 萝卜, 高温胁迫, 亚精胺, 生理响应

Abstract: Acanthopanax senticosus has been gathered intensively due to its high medicinal value, causing extreme damage to Acanthopanax senticosus resources. Exploring the suitable growth soil of Acanthopanax senticosus will provide a theoretical basis for its artificial domestication. In this paper, the soil which had been planted with Acanthopanax senticosus in Qitaihe City for many years, was taken as the research object. The chemical properties of soil profile of typical soil where Acanthopanax senticosus grew were determined by chemical analysis methods. The results showed that the particle composition of soil which was suitable for Acanthopanax senticosus to grow was mainly composed of more than 60% of sand, followed by more than 20% of powder, and the porosity was high. The surface layer was mostly granular structure, and the deep layer was mostly massive structure. The soil temperature was between 0℃ and 8℃ and the soil water content was between 40% and 60%. The organic matter content in the surface layer of the soil was relatively high, which was 46.51-58.83 g/kg, accounting for 50.0%-59.6% of the organic matter content in the whole soil profile. The total nitrogen content in the surface layer was relatively high, which was 2.18-2.51 g/kg, accounting for 35.1%-36.5% of the total nitrogen content in the whole profile. The characteristics of vertical profile was that the organic matter content showed a dramatic drop with the increase of soil depth, and the total nitrogen content also decreased with the increase of soil depth. However, the total phosphorus content in the surface layer of the soil was relatively low between 0.21 and 0.44 g/kg, and the total phosphorus content in the surface layer accounted for 42.0%-49.4% of the whole profile. The pH value of the soil was between 5.75 and 5.97, which was weakly acidic to neutral. The total phosphorus content and pH did not show obvious vertical variation. Acanthopanax senticosus is adapted to the growth of loose soil texture, mostly sandy loam soil, cold temperature condition, wet moisture condition, and fertile soil. The soil organic matter content and total nitrogen content of surface soil are high, and the soil is weakly acidic to neutral.

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