欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (15): 1-7.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19020026

所属专题: 水产渔业 水稻

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

稻田养鱼与氮密互作对土壤肥力、水稻产量及其养分累积的影响

徐富贤1,2, 周兴兵2, 张林1,2, 蒋鹏1,2, 刘茂1,2, 郭晓艺1,2, 朱永川1,2, 熊洪1,2   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所/农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室,四川德阳 618000
    2 国家水稻改良中心四川泸州分中心,四川泸州 646000
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-20 修回日期:2019-09-18 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-21
  • 作者简介:徐富贤,男,1965年出生,研究员,大专,研究方向:水稻栽培。通信地址:646000 四川省泸州市龙马潭区香林路三段45号 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,Tel:0830-3197364,E-mail:xu6501@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家粮食丰产科技工程(2018YFD0301201);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“长江上游水稻栽培岗位专家”(CARS-01-25)

Interaction Between Fish Culture and Nitrogen Application: Effects on Soil Fertility, Rice Yield and Nutrient Accumulation in Paddy Fields

Xu Fuxian1,2, Zhou Xingbing2, Zhang Lin1,2, Jiang Peng1,2, Liu Mao1,2, Guo Xiaoyi1,2, Zhu Yongchuan1,2, Xiong Hong1,2   

  1. 1 Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Sichuan Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation, Deyang Sichuan 618000
    2 Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Luzhou Sichuan 646000
  • Received:2019-02-20 Revised:2019-09-18 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-05-21

摘要:

为了给稻田养鱼的施肥管理提供科学依据。试验以杂交中稻新品种‘内6优106’为材料,在3个鱼-氮处理(CK:不养鱼+不施氮、F:养鱼+不施氮、FN:养鱼+施氮150 kg/hm 2)和4个本田栽秧密度下,研究稻田养鱼与氮密耦合对土壤肥力、水稻产量及其养分吸收累积的影响。结果表明:稻田养鱼后的有机质显著提高、氮素能维持平衡、磷钾素则显著下降。鱼氮处理水稻产量、地上部干物质及氮、磷、钾累积的总体趋势表现为FN>F>CK,FN与F分别比CK显著增产22.98%和13.43%。栽秧密度在9.0万~22.5万穴/hm 2范围内稻谷产量无显著差异,干物质和氮累积影响随密增加而增加。每1000 kg稻谷的地上部植株氮、磷、钾素的需要量分别为10.24~16.74、1.31~2.72、34.38~56.49 kg/hm 2。中高产养鱼稻田在施肥管理上应控制氮肥和增施磷钾肥。

关键词: 稻田养鱼, 杂交中稻, 氮密互作, 土壤养分, 物质积累

Abstract:

The paper aims to provide a scientific basis for fertilization management of fish culture in paddy fields. Taking a new hybrid rice variety ‘Nei6You106’ as material, we studied the coupling effects of fish-nitrogen-density on soil fertility, rice yield and nutrient uptake and accumulation in paddy fields under 3 fish-nitrogen treatments (CK: no fish + no nitrogen application, F: fish + no nitrogen application, FN: fish + 150 kg/hm 2 nitrogen application) and 4 seedling densities. The results showed that: the organic matters significantly increased, nitrogen maintained balance, phosphorus and potassium decreased significantly after fish culture in paddy fields; the overall trends of rice yield, over ground dry matter and accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under fish-nitrogen treatments were FN>F>CK, FN and F significantly increased rice yield by 22.98% and 13.43% compared with that of CK, respectively; there was no significant difference in rice yield in the range of 90000-225000 hills/hm 2, and the effects of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation increased with the increase of density; the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium requirements of above ground plants per 1000 kg of rice were 10.24-16.74, 1.31-2.72, 34.38-56.49 kg/hm 2, respectively. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be increased in fertilizer management of medium-high yield fish culture paddy fields.

Key words: fish culture in paddy field, hybrid middle rice, nitrogen interaction, soil nutrients, matter accumulation

中图分类号: