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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (19): 18-24.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190400003

所属专题： 油料作物； 玉米

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同玉米品种与大豆带状复种模式氮素吸收利用分析

王静1, 苏东涛1, 李娜娜2()   

  1. 1山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所,太原 030006
    2山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心,太原 030031
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-17 修回日期:2019-05-22 出版日期:2020-07-05 发布日期:2020-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 李娜娜
  • 作者简介:王静,男,1979年出生,山西阳城人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向：土地资源管理与农业资源利用。通信地址：030006 山西太原市坞城路4号 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所,E-mail：7185049@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项“黄土高原(山西)雨养农业玉米水分高效利用研究与示范”(201303104);“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划项目“晋中平川区春玉米增产增效技术集成示范与产业化”(2015BAD22B03-2);山西省攻关项目“晋中平川区春玉米少耕减肥补水增粮增效技术研究与示范”(201603D221007-1)

Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization Under Strip Multiple Cropping Pattern of Different Maize Varieties and Soybean

Wang Jing1, Su Dongtao1, Li Nana2()   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006
    2Dryland Agriculture Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031
  • Received:2019-04-17 Revised:2019-05-22 Online:2020-07-05 Published:2020-07-08
  • Contact: Li Nana

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摘要：

为科学利用大豆的生物固氮作用,筛选玉米大豆带状复种模式下最佳组合,本试验以‘大丰26’(IC1)、‘大丰30’(IC2)、‘强盛51’(IC3)及‘强盛388’(IC4)为实验材料,采用单因素随机区组长期定位试验测得各玉米品种氮素利用及产量数据。结果表明：玉米大豆带状复种模式下玉米产量及地上部生物量均表现为IC2>IC3>IC4>IC1 (P<0.05)。相比IC1、IC3及IC4处理,IC2处理下年平均氮素积累量、氮素农学利用率、氮素生理利用率及氮素偏生产率分别显著增加了10.8%、11.0%、15.3%;17.3%、32.3%、26.2%;36.8%、34.9%、30.1%;18.8%、20.6%、12.5%,而IC2处理年平均氮素收获指数较IC4处理显著降低4.6个百分点(P<0.05);此外,氮素农学利用率、氮素生理利用率、氮素收获指数与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.05)。综合表明,‘大丰30’与大豆带状复种能够显著提高作物产量及氮素利用率,可作为山西省最优组合推广。

关键词: 带状复种, 品种, 玉米, 产量, 氮素效率

Abstract:

This study aims to use the biological nitrogen fixation of soybean scientifically and to select the optimal combination under corn and soybean strip multiple cropping mode. ‘Dafeng 26’ (IC1), ‘Dafeng 30’ (IC2), ‘Qiangsheng 51’ (IC3) and ‘Qiangsheng 388’ (IC4) were used as materials, the single factor randomized block and long-term location experiment was used to determine the nitrogen utilization and yield of each maize variety. The results showed that under corn and soybean strip multiple cropping mode, the yield and aboveground biomass of maize was as following: IC2>IC3>IC4>IC1 (P<0.05). Compared with IC1, IC3 and IC4 treatments, IC2 treatment increased the average annual nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate and nitrogen partial productivity significantly by 10.8%, 11.0%, 15.3%; 17.3%, 32.3%, 26.2%; 36.8%, 34.9%, 30.1%; 18.8%, 20.6%, 12.5%, respectively. The average annual nitrogen harvest index of IC2 treatment was significantly decreased by 4.6 percentage points compared with that of IC4 treatment (P<0.05). In addition, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate, nitrogen harvest index were significantly and positively correlated with yield (P<0.05). The comprehensive results showed that ‘Dafeng 30’ and soybean strip multiple cropping could significantly improve crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency, and they could be promoted as a better combination in Shanxi Province.

Key words: strip multiple cropping, variety, maize, yield, nitrogen efficiency

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