关键词: 废弃物, 有机肥, 玉米, 抽雄率, 产量, 经济效益

Abstract:

The objectives are to use straw, livestock and poultry manure and other wastes from agricultural production to make organic fertilizer, define the most suitable organic fertilizer quantity, and study the effect of different organic fertilizer quantities on the growth and the yield of maize. The field plot experiment was conducted with six organic fertilizer quantity levels (2.5, 7.5, 15, 20, 30 and 40 t/hm²) in 2016-2017. The conventional treatment, the single organic fertilizer treatment, and the organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer treatment were set up. The results showed that the plant growth vigor under single organic fertilizer treatment and organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer treatment were weaker than those of the conventional treatment, and the single organic fertilizer treatment delayed maize stamens extracting at VT period, the teaseling rate had extremely significant difference with that of the conventional treatment (P<0.01). The yield under single organic fertilizer treatment was 6% to 10% less than that of conventional treatment, the difference was extremely significant (P<0.01). The organic fertilizer combined with base fertilizer increased the yield obviously, the maximum yield increased by 4.53% compared with that of the conventional treatment, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). With the increase of the organic fertilizer application, the fertilizer cost increased and the benefit value decreased. Single application of organic fertilizer is not recommended in maize production, from the perspective of increasing yield and ensuring certain economic benefits, the most suitable organic fertilizer quantity is 20 t/hm² based on the base fertilizer.

Key words: agricultural wastes, organic fertilizer, maize, teaseling rate, yield, economic benefit