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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 44-49.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800573

所属专题: 马铃薯

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同氮磷钾配比对马铃薯农艺性状、产量和品质的影响

王小英1, 陈占飞1, 方玉川1,2(), 吕军1,2, 汪奎1, 高青青1, 张圆1   

  1. 1 榆林市农业科学研究院,陕西榆林 719000
    2 陕西省马铃薯工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-27 修回日期:2019-10-14 出版日期:2020-02-05 发布日期:2020-02-08
  • 通讯作者: 方玉川
  • 作者简介:王小英,女,1985年出生,陕西榆林人,农艺师,博士,主要从事植物营养与调控及水肥一体化研究。通信地址:719000 陕西省榆林市榆阳区上郡南路14号 榆林市农业科学研究院,Tel:0912-3351531,E-mail:xiaoying_shezhang@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家马铃薯产业技术体系榆林综合试验站项目“综合试验站专项”(CARS-09-ES31);陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技项目“马铃薯水肥精准技术体系研究集成与应用”(LMZD201705);榆林市2019年科技计划项目“陕北地区主要农作物化肥减量施用以及和有机肥配施技术研究”

Influence of NPK Combinations on Agronomic Characters, Yield and Nutrition Quality of Potato

Wang Xiaoying1, Chen Zhanfei1, Fang Yuchuan1,2(), Lv Jun1,2, Wang Kui1, Gao Qingqing1, Zhang Yuan1   

  1. 1 Yulin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yulin Shaanxi 719000
    2 Shaanxi Potato Engineering Technology Research Center, Yulin Shaanxi 719000
  • Received:2019-08-27 Revised:2019-10-14 Online:2020-02-05 Published:2020-02-08
  • Contact: Fang Yuchuan

摘要:

为确定陕西榆林风沙草滩地区马铃薯种植的最佳化肥施用量,以‘冀张薯8号’为材料,通过田间试验研究不同氮、磷、钾配比对马铃薯农艺性状、产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明,不同氮磷钾配比对马铃薯株高、单株块茎重和商品薯率的影响差异显著,对单株块茎数的影响差异不显著。随氮肥用量的增加,马铃薯产量呈先增后减的趋势;随磷肥和钾肥用量的增加,马铃薯产量变化趋势不明显。不同氮磷钾配比间马铃薯蛋白质、Vc和还原糖含量的变幅分别为1.02%~1.69%、11.49~16.44 mg/100 g和0.40%~0.84%。合理的氮、磷、钾肥施用能够促进马铃薯生长发育,提高块茎产量及品质。在中等肥力水平的风沙地,马铃薯在施用有机肥30 t/hm 2的基础上,化肥氮、磷和钾推荐用量分别是150、90和 112.5 kg/hm 2

关键词: 马铃薯, 氮磷钾, 合理施肥, 农艺性状, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To determine the optimum NPK fertilization rate of potato in Yulin sandy area of Shaanxi Province, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of NPK rates on agronomic characters, yield and nutrition quality of ‘Jizhangshu No.8’ potato. The results showed that various NPK combinations had significant differences on plant height, tuber weight per plant and commodity rate, meanwhile there was no significant difference in the number of tubers per plant. With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, the yield increased first and then decreased; and with the increase of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the yield change was not obvious. The variation of protein, Vc and reducing sugar were 1.02%-1.69%, 11.49-16.44 mg/100 g and 0.40%-0.84%, respectively, among different treatments. The reasonable NPK fertilizer application rate could improve the growth, yield and quality of potato, and the recommended fertilization is manure 30 t/hm 2, N 150 kg/hm 2, P2O5 90 kg/hm 2, K2O 112.5 kg/hm 2 in Yulin sandy area of Shaanxi with moderate fertility.

Key words: potato, NPK, rational application of fertilizer, agronomic characters, yield, quality

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