关键词: 水稻, 低温冷害, 障碍型, 延迟型, 吉林省

Abstract:

To study the evolution rule of temporal and spatial characteristics of rice cold damage in Jilin, based on the model of meteorological influence on rice growth and yield formation, the rice cold damage of obstacle type and delay type from 1961 to 2018 in Jilin was determined, and the temporal and spatial characteristics of rice cold damage were analyzed by mathematical statistical method. The results showed that: the ratio of rice cold damage of obstacle type and delay type decreased from 1961 to 2018. The cold damage of obstacle type was mainly mild, followed by moderate, and the severe was the least. The ratio of severe rice cold damage of delay type was higher than that of mild and moderate. From 1981 to 1990, the ratio of stations with rice cold damage of obstacle type was the highest, and the ratio of stations with rice cold damage of delay type was the highest in 1971 to 1980. The occurrence frequency of rice cold damage of obstacle type increased gradually from the west to the east, and the cold damage mainly distributed in the east after 1990s. The frequency of rice cold damage of delay type also increased gradually from the west to the east, but the mild and moderate cold damage mainly distributed in the middle and the west, while the severe cold damage mainly concentrated in the east. The research results could provide references for Jilin to reasonably allocate rice varieties with different maturity characteristics, make full use of heat resources and resist cold damage.

Key words: rice, cold damage, obstacle type, delay type, Jilin