5个杂交桑种质的耐盐性评价

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0848

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了筛选出耐盐性比较高的杂交桑品种,笔者选择了‘冀桑3号’、‘鲁杂1号’、‘浙杂1号’、‘桂桑优12号’和‘桂桑优62号’5个广泛种植的杂交桑种质为研究对象,通过盐胁迫下幼苗生长试验,综合分析5个种质在NaCl胁迫下幼苗株高、植株生物量、叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量等生理生化指标。结果表明,6‰ NaCl处理各种质桑树幼苗发现,盐胁迫下各种质幼苗的生长发育、株高和生物量等都受到了不同程度的抑制作用。同时测定了盐胁迫下各种质桑树幼苗的叶绿素含量和光合生理参数,综合评判‘桂桑优62号’仅表现出轻微叶片黄化,植株生长良好,株高和生物量变化较小,具有较强的耐盐性。桑树作为生态林树种在水土保持、退耕还林、盐碱地改良等方面也发挥了重要作用,该试验为盐碱地的治理提供参考依据。

关键词: 桑树, 耐盐性, NaCl胁迫

Abstract:

In order to select varieties with high salt tolerance from widely planted hybrid mulberry germplasms, the authors took ‘Jisang 3’, ‘Luza 1’, ‘Zheza 1’, ‘Guisangyou 12’ and ‘Guisangyou 62’ as the research objects. Through the seedling growth test under salt stress, the physiological and biochemical indexes of seedling height, plant biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, proline content and malondialdehyde content were analyzed. The results showed that in 6‰ NaCl treatment, the growth and development, plant height and biomass of mulberry seedlings were inhibited to varying degrees. At the same time, the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic physiological parameters of mulberry seedlings under salt stress were measured. As a result, ‘Guisangyou 62’ showed only slight leaf yellowing, good plant growth, little change in plant height and biomass, and strong salt tolerance. As an ecological forest tree species, mulberry plays an important role in soil and water conservation, returning farmland to forest and improving saline-alkali land.

Key words: mulberry, salt tolerance, NaCl stress

中图分类号:

S888.2

张利琴, 殷红燕, 穆淑媛, 付均惠, 李燕. 5个杂交桑种质的耐盐性评价[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(17): 62-68.

ZHANG Liqin, YIN Hongyan, MU Shuyuan, FU Junhui, LI Yan. Evaluation of the Salt Tolerance of Five Hybrid Mulberry Germplasms[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(17): 62-68.

图/表 5

图1. 6‰ NaCl处理各品种桑树幼苗生长的影响 A图为NaCl胁迫下桑树幼苗表型图;B图为NaCl处理与清水处理植株的株高比值;C图为NaCl处理与清水处理植株的生物量比值

图2. NaCl胁迫对桑树幼苗生理指标的影响 A图为叶绿素含量变化比值;B图为脯氨酸含量变化比值;C图为丙二醛含量变化比值;D图为可溶性糖含量变化比值;E图为可溶性蛋白含量变化比值;F图为超氧化物歧化酶活性变化比值。以上各指标比值均为处理植株与对照植株之比。

光反应模型	品种	量子效率Φ/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	最大净光合速率P_nmax/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	饱和光强LSP/ [μmol/(m²·s)]	光补偿点LCP/[μmol/(m²·s)]	暗呼吸速率R_d/[μmol/(m²·s)]	R²
矩形双曲修正模型	浙杂1号	0.0104	5.9226	1475.0275	65.615	0.6194	0.992
	冀桑3号	0.0097	4.0004	1270.2162	81.5858	0.7884	0.992
	桂桑优62号	0.0160	5.9659	1512.0544	31.8527	0.2689	0.998
	鲁桑1号	0.0085	2.7514	1025.4749	86.2612	1.1427	0.995
	桂桑优12号	0.0103	5.0339	1401.5526	79.6137	0.7803	0.994

表1. 6‰ NaCl处理对桑树光合生理参数的影响

图3. 6‰ NaCl处理的桑树净光合速率光响应曲线

图4. 固定光强下6‰ NaCl处理对桑树光合生理参数的影响 A图为净光合速率;B图为气孔导度;C图为蒸腾速率;D图为水分利用效率;E图为胞间CO2浓度;F图为气孔限制值

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