生物炭对农药吸附机理及功能化研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0346

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (13): 117-124.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0346

生物炭对农药吸附机理及功能化研究进展

董旭¹^,²(), 褚玥¹, 童舟¹, 孟丹丹¹, 孙明娜¹, 周亮亮², 王鸣华²(), 段劲生¹()

¹ 安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室（合肥），合肥 230001
² 南京农业大学植物保护学院，南京 210095

收稿日期:2022-05-06 修回日期:2022-06-16 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-04-27
通讯作者: 段劲生，男，1977年出生，研究员，博士，主要从事农药残留与环境毒理、农产品质量安全、农药手性等方面的研究工作。通信地址：230001 安徽省合肥市庐阳区农科南路40号安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所，Tel：0551-65160945，E-mail：djsahzbs@yeah.net。王鸣华，男，1963年出生，教授，博士，主要从事农药残留与环境毒理研究。通信地址：210095 江苏省南京市卫岗1号南京农业大学植物保护学院，Tel：025-84395240，Email：wangmha@njau.edu.cn。
作者简介:
董旭，男，1979年出生，副研究员，硕士，主要从事农药环境行为及农产品质量安全风险评估等研究。通信地址：230001 安徽省合肥市庐阳区农科南路40号安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所，Tel：0551-65160945，E-mail：dongxu@aaas.org.cn。
基金资助:
安徽省农科院团队项目“农产品质量安全检测技术与风险评估团队”(2022YL028); 国家自然科学基金项目“两种新型酰胺类手性杀菌剂在稻-麦轮作模式下的立体选择性环境行为及生物效应差异机制研究”(32072465)

Mechanism and Functionalization of Biochar for Pesticide Adsorption: Research Progress

DONG Xu¹^,²(), CHU Yue¹, TONG Zhou¹, MENG Dandan¹, SUN Mingna¹, ZHOU Liangliang², WANG Minghua²(), DUAN Jinsheng¹()

¹ Institute of Plant Protection and Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Hefei 230001
² College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095

Received:2022-05-06 Revised:2022-06-16 Online:2023-05-05 Published:2023-04-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农药是农业生产中重要的投入品，农业耕作时，农药不合理使用、农药抗性、环境因素等限制，使得农药有效利用率较低。农药污染会导致土壤功能紊乱，农药暴露还可能对人类健康造成急性、慢性和远期危害。生物炭作为一种全新的材料，因具有高度芳香性、优良吸附性及环境友好性，可用于固定/降解污染物，并最大限度地降低土壤污染风险，是一种性能优良的土壤污染修复材料。本研究归纳总结了国内外研究成果，综述了环境污染物新型阻控材料——生物炭的特性及形成机制，并对农药吸附机理和实现功能化的途径做了简要论述。

关键词: 生物炭, 农药, 环境, 改性, 吸附

Abstract:

Pesticide is an important input in agricultural production. Due to the restricting elements such as pesticide improper use, pesticide resistance and environmental factors, the effective utilization rate of pesticide is low. Pesticide pollution of soil can lead to soil dysfunction, and the exposure of pesticide may cause acute, chronic and long-term harm to human health. As a new material, biochar can be used to fix/degrade pollutants and minimize the risk of soil pollution with its high aromatic character, excellent absorbability and environmental friendliness. In this paper, the characteristics and formation mechanism of biochar, its adsorption mechanism of pesticides and the pathway of functionalization are briefly discussed by summarizing the research results at home and abroad.

Key words: biochar, pesticide, environment, modification, adsorption

董旭, 褚玥, 童舟, 孟丹丹, 孙明娜, 周亮亮, 王鸣华, 段劲生. 生物炭对农药吸附机理及功能化研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(13): 117-124.

DONG Xu, CHU Yue, TONG Zhou, MENG Dandan, SUN Mingna, ZHOU Liangliang, WANG Minghua, DUAN Jinsheng. Mechanism and Functionalization of Biochar for Pesticide Adsorption: Research Progress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(13): 117-124.

图/表 4

图1. 生物炭材料功能化及其潜在应用

图2. 纤维素、半纤维素和木质素热解产生生物炭基本分子结构

图3. 不同热解温度下产生的生物炭的动态分子结构

图4. 生物炭与有机污染物相互作用的假定机制

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生物炭对农药吸附机理及功能化研究进展

Mechanism and Functionalization of Biochar for Pesticide Adsorption: Research Progress

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