纳米农药控释剂的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0383

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 99-105.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0383

纳米农药控释剂的研究进展

王润¹(), 魏宇¹, 刘宏元², 陈峰², 沈钦瑞⁴, 王春鑫³()

¹ 山东省国土空间生态修复中心，济南 250100
² 山东省农业科学院湿地农业与生态研究所，济南 250100
³ 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京 100081
⁴ 山东曹县植物检疫站山东曹县 274400

收稿日期:2022-05-08 修回日期:2022-07-20 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-04-21
通讯作者: 王春鑫，男，1990年出生，北京人，助理研究员，主要从事农业纳米生物技术研究及应用。通信地址：100081 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，E-mail：wangchunxin@cass.cn。
作者简介:
王润，男，1982年出生，山东淄博人，工程师，主要从事自然资源管理研究。通信地址：250100 山东省国土空间生态修复中心，E-mail：1035896033@qq.com。
基金资助:
山东省农业科学院横向课题经费“黄河流域生态型水田建设工程技术标准建设”(SDMLZY2203-01); 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所基本科研业务费“基于溶析结晶技术的生物农药纳米分散体规模化制备技术开发”(BSRF202203)

Research Progress on Controlled Release Nano-pesticide Formulation

WANG Run¹(), WEI Yu¹, LIU Hongyuan², CHEN Feng², SHEN Qinrui⁴, WANG Chunxin³()

¹ Shandong Provincial Territorial Spatial Ecological Restoration Center, Jinan 250100
² Institute of Wetland Agriculture and Ecology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100
³ Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
⁴ Shandong Cao County Plant Quarantine Station, Caoxian, Shandong 274400

Received:2022-05-08 Revised:2022-07-20 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-04-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农药在保障农业生产、提高粮食产量和提高农民生活水平等方面发挥着重要作用。在农药防治病虫害的过程中，由于其活性成分理化性质不稳定和施药过程不合理导致有效成分易降解或流失，常规农药剂型有效利用率只有20%左右，同时存在有效成分释放速度快，药效持效时间短和环境条件影响大等问题。纳米农药控释剂作为当前农药剂型研究的热点，基于纳米分散制备技术和药物载体控制释放特性，将纳米技术和农药特性、防治对象、施药方式和环境条件等因素相结合，可以有效解决农药制剂活性成分损失严重和农药制剂有效利用率低等问题，使活性成分能够根据防治剂量的要求，在特定时间和空间范围内持续稳定的释放，以达到经济、安全、有效地控制病害虫。本研究综述了纳米生物材料应用于纳米农药控释剂研究进展，并对纳米农药控释剂的发展进行了展望。

关键词: 纳米农药, 载体材料, 缓控释放, 有效利用率, 应用

Abstract:

Pesticides play an important role in ensuring agricultural production, increasing grain yield and improving farmers’ living standards. In the process of pesticide control of pests and diseases, the active ingredients are easily degraded or lost due to the unstable physicochemical properties of the pesticides’ active ingredients and the improper application process. The utilization rate of conventional pesticide formulations is only about 20%. At the same time, there are problems such as fast release rate of active ingredients, short duration of pesticide effect and great influence of environmental conditions. Controlled release nano-pesticide formulation is a hot spot in the research of pesticide formulations. Based on the nano-dispersion preparation technology and the slow and controlled release characteristics of pesticide carriers, the serious loss of active ingredients of pesticide can be solved by combining nanotechnology with pesticide characteristics, control target, application environment and application methods, so as to improve the effective utilization rate of pesticide formulations. The active ingredients can be released continuously and stably in a specific time and space according to the requirements of pest control dose, which has met the requirements of pest control economically, safely and effectively. In this study, the research progress of nano-biomaterials in controlled release nano-pesticide formulation was reviewed, and the application prospect of controlled release nano-pesticide formulation was discussed.

Key words: nano-pesticide, carrier material, controlled release, effective utilization rate, application

王润, 魏宇, 刘宏元, 陈峰, 沈钦瑞, 王春鑫. 纳米农药控释剂的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(12): 99-105.

WANG Run, WEI Yu, LIU Hongyuan, CHEN Feng, SHEN Qinrui, WANG Chunxin. Research Progress on Controlled Release Nano-pesticide Formulation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(12): 99-105.

图/表 1

参考文献 50

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剂型	粒径	比表面积	分散性	润湿性	持效期	生物利用率
常规缓释剂	1~10 µm	小	一般	一般	短	低
纳米控释剂	<1 µm	大	好	好	长	高

剂型	粒径	比表面积	分散性	润湿性	持效期	生物利用率
常规缓释剂	1~10 µm	小	一般	一般	短	低
纳米控释剂	<1 µm	大	好	好	长	高

纳米农药控释剂的研究进展

Research Progress on Controlled Release Nano-pesticide Formulation

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